中轻度镉污染耕地中不同品种红麻生长特性和栽培方式研究  

Study on Growth Characteristics and Cultivation Methods of Different Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus)Varieties in Moderately Mild Cadmium Polluted Farmland

作　　者：尹明 唐慧娟[1] 黄玉敏 邓勇[1] 张翠萍[1] 李德芳[1] 赵立宁[1] 李建军[1] 黄思齐[1] YIN Ming;TANG Huijuan;HUANG Yumin;DENG Yong;ZHANG Cuiping;LI Defang;ZHAO Lining;LI Jianjun;HUANG Siqi(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha,Hunan 410205,China;Air Force Military Medical University DNA,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]空军军医大学DNA分型中心,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2020年第5期196-202,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：国家麻类产业技术体系(CARS-16-E-02);国家麻类产业技术体系红麻育种项目(CARS-16-E04);国家重点研发专项(2017YFD0801105)。

摘　　要：为探究镉污染耕地中不同品种红麻的生长特性以及播种方式对其影响,以6个品种的红麻作为试验材料,测定其在中轻度镉污染耕地中不同生长时期的鲜重与干重,以及不同播种方式下的生理特性及产量。结果表明:6种红麻在中轻度镉污染耕地中可以正常生长,其中X1(中红麻13号)与X2(中红麻16号)的各项生理指标较其他红麻表现更优,X1地下部产量<X2地下部产量。在6种红麻的各个生长时期,6月根鲜重大量增加,8月根干重大量增加;叶与根正好相反;8月茎鲜重与干重均增加,红麻在这两个时期重量增长占总体的70%~85%。6种红麻在撒播下更适宜提高产量,条播下更适宜提高株高、茎粗、皮厚。综上所述:对比6种红麻,在生产实践中,推荐撒播X1,可在降低经济成本的同时提高产量,以进行镉污染耕地的修复。To explore the growth characteristics of different varieties of kenaf in cadmium(Cd)-contaminated soil and the effect of sowing methods on it, the fresh and dry weights in different periods of moderate and light cadmium-contaminated soil were measured, as well as the physiological characteristics and yield under different seeding methods with six different varieties kenaf. The results showed that: six kenaf varieties can grow well in cadmium-contaminated soil. Among them, China kenaf No.13 and China kenaf No.16 grew better with higher yield and physiological indicators compare to China hybrid kenaf No.328, Kenaf K1703 A, Kenaf H1701. China kenaf No.13 under-ground < China kenaf No.16 under-ground. During growth period of 6 types of kenaf, the fresh weight of the root were improved in June, the dry weight increased in August while the leaves were the opposite;the fresh and dry weights of the stems were increased in August. The growth of kenaf in these two periods accounts for 70%-85% of all. Six kinds of kenaf were more suitable for increasing yield under broadcast seeding, and more suitable for increasing plant height, thick stem, and thick skin under drilling seeding. In conclusion, compared with 6 types of kenaf, in production practice, we recommend China kenaf No.13 to reduce economic costs and increase yield to repair cadmium-contaminated farmland under broadcast seeding.

关 键 词：红麻 生长特性 条播 撒播 镉污染修复 

分 类 号：S563.5[农业科学—作物学]