基于有限元与物联网的塔式起重机安全监测系统  

Research on safety monitoring system of tower crane based on FEM and IoT

作　　者：何光辉 李晓伟[3] 李鑫奎 沈志勇 HE Guanghui;LI Xiaowei;LI Xinkui;SHEN Zhiyong(Shanghai Construction Group,Shanghai 201114,China;Shanghai Strategic Alliance for Technological Innovation of Security Monitoring Technologies and Devices in Major Construction Projects,Shanghai 201114,China;Department of Science and Engineering,Songjiang Branch of Shanghai Open University,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海建工集团股份有限公司,上海201114 [2]上海重大工程建设安全监控技术与设备创新战略联盟,上海201114 [3]上海开放大学松江分校理工系,上海201600

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2020年第11期88-94,共7页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0805500);上海建工集团重点科研项目(19YJKF-19)。

摘　　要：为实现塔式起重机作业远程安全监测,减少人员监测风险,应用物联网(IoT)技术,实时获取塔式起重机运行状态参数,并结合有限元法(FEM),开发一套塔式起重机动态结构远程实时安全监测系统(SMS);基于移动通信网络采集的塔式起重机状态传感器数据,利用SMS通过本地计算机实时自动更新塔式起重机动态结构网格;采用Cholesky求解器求解塔式起重机作业过程线性方程组,并对比塔式起重机构件应力和挠度的现场测量与远程监测结果。结果表明:Cholesky求解器的求解效率显著高于Gauss求解器,且单次计算时间开销小于0.5 s;监测系统位移和应变分析结果较实测值误差分别小于14%和12%,该系统具备一定的可靠度和精度。In order to remotely monitor operation safety of tower cranes,and to reduce risk of monitoring workers,IoT technology was applied to obtain real-time sensor operation data of tower cranes,and a FEMbased real-time SMS for its structure was developed.Then,its dynamic structure mesh was updated automatically in real time on local computer by SMS based on sensor data collected by mobile communication network.Finally,linear equations governing operation process were solved by Cholesky solver,and a comparison between remote monitoring results and filed measurements was made for stress and deflection of tower crane members.The results show that solving efficiency of Cholesky is much better than that of Gauss solver with its time cost for each computation less than 0.5 s.And analysis errors of SMS pertaining to deflection and strain results are respectively less than 14%and 12%,which indicate that SMS is reliable and accurate.

关 键 词：有限元法(FEM) 物联网(IoT) 塔式起重机 安全监测系统(SMS) Gauss求解器 

分 类 号：X952[环境科学与工程—安全科学]