急倾斜厚煤层中分层开采冲击地压发生机理及防治技术  

Occurrence Mechanism and Prevention Technology of Rock Burst in Middle Layer Mining of Steeply Inclined Thick Coal Seam

作　　者：丁小敏[1] 牛佳胜 薛再君 巩思园[4] 沈威 刘剑啸 余磊 DING Xiaomin;NIU Jiasheng;XUE Zaijun;GONG Siyuan;SHEN Wei;LIU Jianxiao;YU Lei(Gansu Huating Coal Power Co.,Ltd.,Huating 744100,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining&Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai'an 223003,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃华亭煤电股份有限公司东峡煤矿,甘肃华亭744100 [2]甘肃华亭煤电股份有限公司防冲办,甘肃华亭744100 [3]甘肃华亭煤电股份有限公司,甘肃华亭744100 [4]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州221116 [5]淮阴工学院建筑工程学院,江苏淮安223003

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2020年第11期89-93,共5页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：华能集团总部科技资助项目(HNKJ20-H31);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51874292,51934007)。

摘　　要：针对东峡煤矿急倾斜厚煤层分层开采的中分层冲击地压频发问题,采用立体分布的微震监测台网,通过震源空间精准定位方法确定了矿震震源集中于底板岩巷和其分布趋势线与最大水平应力方向垂直的规律,确定中分层冲击地压是由上分层开采引发最小主应力(竖向)减小使强构造应力下底板岩石达到莫尔剪切破坏极限状态引发,进而提出了针对底板岩石的爆破防冲措施。工程实践结果表明:定期采用合理的底板爆破药量,可有效降低震动频次和能量,避免冲击地压的发生。In view of the frequent occurrence of rock burst in the middle layer of the steeply inclined thick coal seam in Dongxia Coal Mine,based on the three-dimensional microseismic monitoring network and the seismic source space precise positioning method,the law that the seismic source of mine earthquakes is concentrated in the floor rock roadway and its distribution trend line is perpendicular to the direction of maximum horizontal stress is determined;according to this,it is determined that the coal burst in the middle layer is caused by the decrease of the minimum principal stress(vertical direction)caused by the mining of the upper layer,which makes the floor rock reach the Mohr shear failure limit state under the strong tectonic stress,and then the blasting anti-rock burst measures for the floor rock is proposed.The result of engineering practice shows that using reasonable blasting amount of floor regularly can effectively reduce vibration frequency and energy and avoid the occurrence of rock burst.

关 键 词：急倾斜厚煤层 冲击地压 底板岩石 剪切破断 构造应力 底板爆破 

分 类 号：TD324[矿业工程—矿井建设]