玛纳斯河流域绿洲内部盐渍化土壤年际动态变化  

Salinized Soil in Oasis of Manas River Basin:Interannual Dynamic Change

作　　者：张芸芸 张利 董高权 韩忠玲[2] 程勇翔[1] 马淼[1] Zhang Yunyun;Zhang Li;Dong Gaoquan;Han Zhongling;Cheng Yongxiang;Ma Miao(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000;College of Information Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学信息科学与技术学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2020年第19期93-103,共11页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“盐环境中乌拉甘草叶片气孔泌盐与光合气体交换的利益冲突与权衡策略的研究”(31360047)。

摘　　要：为探讨玛纳斯河流域绿洲内部盐渍化土壤年际变化规律,分析变化成因。在盐渍化土壤理化特性和光谱特征分析的基础上,笔者构建了土壤盐渍化指数SSI,对盐渍化土壤做出等级评定。结果表明,1990—2014年间玛纳斯河流域共有9.45×10~4hm^2盐渍化土壤被成功改良,盐渍化土壤景观破碎度和分维度指数都有所增加。2014年耕地中的盐渍化土壤与1990年盐渍化土壤划分程度相比较,有向轻度转化的趋势。1990—2014年间始终未被开垦的典型盐渍化土壤盐碱程度有向重度转化的趋势,其上的植被群落结构趋于简单。研究构建的SSI可以应用于盐渍化土壤定性分析和定量分析,结果可为农业部门科学管控盐渍化土壤提供有价值的参考。The paper aims to explore the interannual variation of salinized soil in oasis of Manas River basin,and analyze the change causes. Based on the analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral characteristics of salinized soil, we constructed the soil salinization index SSI, and rated the salinized soil. The results showed that: 9.45×10~4 hm^2 salinized soil in Manas River basin was successfully improved during 1990-2014, and the fragmentation and fractal dimension of salinized soil landscape increased;compared with the degree of saline division in 1990, the salinized soil in cultivated land in 2014 had a tendency of mild conversion;the salinity of the typical salinized soil which had not been reclaimed from 1990 to 2014 tended to be converted to a severe degree, and their vegetation community structure tended to be simple. SSI can be applied to the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of salinized soil, and the results can provide references for scientific control of salinized soil in agricultural sector.

关 键 词：玛纳斯河流域 盐渍化土壤 盐渍化土壤指数 年际动态 群落结构 滴灌 

分 类 号：S127[农业科学—农业基础科学] TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]