滤除自然光中UV-B辐射成分对杜仲光合和次级代谢产物的影响  

The effect of filtering out UV-B radiation from natural light on photosynthetic physiology of Eucommia ulmoides

作　　者：李德文 杜丹丹[1,2] 季倩如 郭晓瑞 刘英 于雪莹[1,2] 唐中华 LI Dewen;DU Dandan;JI Qianru;GUO Xiaorui;LIU Ying;YU Xueying;TANG Zhonghua(Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;College of Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学化学化工与资源利用学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《经济林研究》2020年第4期1-10,共10页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目(201504701-2);黑龙江省科学基金项目(QC2017009);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2572020BU02)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨UV-B辐射对药用植物杜仲的光合作用、光合色素和次级代谢产物的影响,为杜仲的定向生态培育提供参考。【方法】采用滤除自然光谱中UV-B辐射成分的方法,以自然环境处理(不减弱UV-B)作为对照(CK),植株顶端覆盖1层膜(T1)和2层膜(T2)为UV-B滤除处理组,分别测定处理22和41 d时的光合生理指标和次级代谢产物含量。【结果】与对照相比,处理22和41 d时,杜仲叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦⅡ)呈相反的趋势,处理22 d时显著下降,处理41 d时显著上升。随UV-B滤除率的增加,处理22 d时胞间CO2浓度(Ci)在T2处理组显著下降,处理41 d时在T1处理组显著下降。2次处理时间的叶片最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)与对照相比均无显著差异(P>0.05),电子传递速率(RET)均显著增加(P<0.05),说明长期滤除自然光谱中UV-B成分能引起叶片稳态光化学效率的增加,并对叶片光合速率产生正影响。滤除自然光谱中UV-B成分后,杜仲叶片光合色素含量显著增加,类胡萝卜素含量下降,表明杜仲通过改变叶片结构和光合色素含量来适应自然环境中UV-B辐射的改变,避免造成伤害。处理41 d的次级代谢产物中除京尼平苷酸含量显著低于处理22 d,绿原酸、京尼平、京尼平苷和桃叶珊瑚苷含量均显著高于处理22 d。表明长期滤除UV-B辐射后杜仲叶表皮层中能积累较多的紫外线屏蔽物质,足以抵御目前环境中UV-B辐射波动可能引起的伤害。【结论】长期滤除环境中UV-B辐射对药用植物杜仲叶片光合速率有正效应,自然环境中UV-B成分是限制杜仲叶片光化学效率的因素。【Objective】The effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis,photosynthetic pigments and secondary metabolites of medicinal plant Eucommia ulmoides was studied to direct the ecology cultivation.【Methods】The UV-B radiation components in natural spectrum were filtered out.The natural environment treatment(without weakening UV-B)was used as the control(CK),and the top of the plant was covered with one layer of membrane(T1)and two layers of membrane(T2)as the UV-B filtering treatment groups.The photosynthetic physiological indexes and the contents of secondary metabolites were measured at 22 and 41 days of treatment,respectively.【Results】Compared with the control,the net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),transpiration rate(Tr)and the actual photochemical efficiency(ΦⅡ)of E.ulmoides leaves showed opposite trends on the 22nd and 41st day of treatment,and decreased significantly on the 22nd day and increased significantly on the 41st day.With the increase of filtration rate,the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci)decreased significantly in T2 treatment group at 22 days,and decreased significantly in T1 treatment group at 41 days.There was no significant difference in the maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)between the two treatments times(P>0.05),but the electron transfer rate(RET)increased significantly among the treatments(P<0.05).The results showed that long-term removal of UV-B component in natural spectrum could increase the steady-state photochemical efficiency of leaves,and had a positive effect on the photosynthetic rate of leaves.After filtering out UV-B components in natural spectrum,the content of photosynthetic pigment in E.ulmoides leaves increased significantly,and the content of carotenoid decreased,indicating that E.ucommia ulmoides could adapt to the possible damage caused by UV-B radiation in natural environment by changing leaf structure and photosynthetic pigment.The content of geniposide acid in 41 days was significantly lower than that in 22 days,the content

关 键 词：杜仲 UV-B辐射 光合作用 光合色素 次级代谢 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S794