基质配方对油茶容器苗根系生物量及形态的影响  

Effects of different culture medium formulas on roots biomass and morphology of Camellia oleifera container seedling

作　　者：佘远国[1] 张莹[1] 曹克丽[1] 李秀梅[1] 章璐[1] 汪洋[1] SHE Yuanguo;ZHANG Ying;CAO Keli;LI Xiumei;ZHANG Lu;WANG Yang(Hubei Ecology Polytechnic College,Wuhan 430200,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《经济林研究》2020年第4期11-16,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目“油茶容器育苗生根机理与基质研究”(2012FFC03201);中央财政林业科技推广示范补助项目“油茶北缘产区良种与丰产栽培技术应用示范”(〔2018〕TG11号)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解不同基质配方对油茶容器苗根系生长的影响,揭示油茶容器苗根系生长规律,筛选最适合油茶容器苗生长的基质配方,提高油茶容器苗的品质。【方法】以1年生油茶芽苗砧嫁接容器苗为材料,设置5种基质配方(黄心土、松林表土、菇渣、泥炭、粪土按不同体积比混合制成)和对照(园土)6个处理,选择10 cm×10 cm的聚乙烯袋为育苗容器,进行油茶芽苗砧嫁接容器育苗试验,对容器苗根系生物量和形态指标进行测定分析,采用隶属函数法对各配方促进根系生长的效果进行模糊综合评价。【结果】各基质对油茶容器苗根系茎叶干质量、根系干质量、苗木干质量、根冠比的影响存在极显著差异,其中Ⅳ基质配方处理的根系生物量最大,茎叶干质量为1.48 g,根系干质量为1.19 g,苗木干质量为2.67 g,根冠比为0.80,分别是CK的1.34、1.83、1.50、1.29倍。各基质对油茶苗根系长度、表面积、体积和直径的影响存在极显著差异,其中Ⅳ基质配方处理的各根系形态指标最好,根系长度为280.32 cm,表面积为106.72 cm^2,体积为8.71 cm^3,直径为1.316 mm,分别是CK的1.78、1.94、3.03、1.34倍。根据根系生物量和形态指标的平均隶属度由高到低排序,各基质配方处理依次为Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ、CK、Ⅰ,其平均隶属度分别为0.769、0.723、0.642、0.462、0.222和0.202,Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅲ、Ⅱ基质的油茶容器苗根系生长的综合评价结果皆优于CK。【结论】油茶容器苗的根系生长与基质密切相关,基质配比对苗木根系生长所起的作用较大。在5种基质配方中,以Ⅳ基质配方比例(黄心土40%+松林表土15%+菇渣20%+泥炭20%+粪土5%)促进油茶容器苗根系生长的效果最好,是油茶育苗最佳基质,Ⅰ基质配方比例(黄心土80%+松林表土15%+粪土5%)的效果最差,不适合用于油茶育苗。基质中添加泥炭、菇渣等轻质材料,并适当加入黄心土、松林表土,�【Objective】The effects of different culture medium formulas on the growth of container seedling roots of Camellia oleifera was studied and the growth rules of seedling roots was explored aiming to choose the most suitable culture medium formulas,and to improve the seedlings’quality.【Method】Using one-year-old container seedlings grafted with hypocotyls as test materials,six treatments were arranged,involving five medium formulas(yellow subsoil,pine topsoil,mushroom cultivating residue,peat soil,and dung earth)and garden soil being as control.10 cm×10 cm polyethylene bags were used as containers.The container seedling experiment was carried out after being grafted with hypocotyls.The biomass and morphology of container seedling roots of C.oleifera were tested and analyzed,and a comprehensive fuzzy evaluation was conducted on the indices by using the subordinate function.【Result】There were very significant differences among the effects of different medium formulas on the dry mass of stems and leaves,the dry mass of the root system,the root shoot ratio,and the dry mass of the whole seedling,among which,the biomass of the seedling roots from mediumⅣwere the largest.The dry mass of stems and leaves was 1.48 g,the dry mass of root was 1.19 g,the dry mass of the whole seedling was 2.67 g,and the root shoot ratio was 0.80,they being 1.34,1.83,1.50 and 1.29 times as much as the control(CK),respectively.There were very significant differences between the effects of different medium formulas on the root length,the root surface area,the root volume,and the diameter of the taproot.The morphological indices of the seedlings cultured in medium IV were optimal:the total length of the root system was 280.32 cm,the root surface area was 106.72 cm^2,the volume of the root system was 8.71 cm^3 and the diameter of the root was 1.316 mm.They were 1.78,1.94,3.03,and 1.34 times as much as the CK.The decreased sorting order based on biomass and morphological indices of the seedling roots was as follows:mediumⅣ,mediumⅤ

关 键 词：油茶 容器苗 基质配方 根系生物量 根系形态 隶属函数 

分 类 号：S601[农业科学—园艺学] S794.4