不同顶棚高度下船舶狭长通道细水雾灭火研究  

Water mist extinguishing fire in ship narrow passages with different ceiling heights

作　　者：苏石川[1] 陈露 王亮[1] 穆鑫 耿珊珊 曹佳斌 SU Shi-chuan;CHEN Lu;WANG Liang;MU Xin;GENG Shan-shan;CAO Jia-bin(School of energy and power engineering,Jiangsu university of science and technology,Zhenjiang 212003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏科技大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《舰船科学技术》2020年第21期66-71,共6页Ship Science and Technology

摘　　要：船舶内狭长通道及其不同顶棚高度可造成火灾过程中污染物的快速蔓延及顶棚射流现象的发生,对船舶火灾的发展及人员逃生具有重要的影响。本文针对船舶"T型"狭长通道,基于大涡模拟技术,分别对1.8 m,2.6 m,3.4 m及4.3 m顶棚高度下通道内火灾演变特性进行数值模拟研究。通过对火焰热释放率,通道内氧气浓度、烟气层分区、温度分布的分析得到:细水雾能够有效抑制T型通道内火灾的蔓延;释放细水雾后,1.8 m和2.6 m狭长通道内热释放率衰减速度较快,氧气浓度快速降到了14%;3.4 m和4.3 m狭长通道,热释放率衰减速度相对较慢,氧气浓度较高;同时火场温度得到有效降低,烟气层高度也随着通道顶棚高度增加逐渐升高。The narrow and long passages and different ceiling heights in ships can cause the rapid spread of pollutants and the occurrence of ceiling jet phenomenon in fire process, which have an important impact on the development of ship fires and personnel escape. In this paper, based on the large eddy simulation technology, the fire evolution characteristics of "T-shaped" narrow passages with ceiling heights of 1.8 m, 2.6 m, 3.4 m and 4.3 m were numerically simulated. By analyzing heat release rate, O2 concentration, smoke stratification and temperature distribution, it is concluded that water mist can effectively suppress the spread of fire in the T-passage. After releasing water mist, the heat release rate of 1.8 m and 2.6 m narrow passages decays faster, O2 concentration drops rapidly to 14%. The heat release rate of 3.4 m and 4.3 m narrow passages decays relatively slow, O2 concentration is higher. The smoke layer height increases with the passage ceiling height. And water mist can reduce effectively the fire temperature.

关 键 词：船舶火灾 狭长通道 顶棚高度 细水雾 

分 类 号：TU998[建筑科学—市政工程] U698[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]