复合电沉积过程中的界面调控和界面结合研究进展  

Research Progress of Interface Regulation and Bonding during Composite Electrodeposition

作　　者：饶晗 耿楠 高旭 张陈扬 刘慧丛[1] 李卫平[1] RAO Han;GENG Nan;GAO Xu;ZHANG Chen-yang;LIU Hui-cong;LI Wei-ping(National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Materials Science and Engineering,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学材料科学与工程学院材料科学与工程国家级实验教学示范中心,北京100191

出　　处：《表面技术》2020年第12期55-63,共9页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2002000);国家自然科学基金(U1637204,51971012)。

摘　　要：复合电沉积是一种获得功能镀层的表面防护技术。概述了界面调控与界面结合对复合镀层性能的重要影响。分析了提高界面结合能力的主要机理与方法,即:通过基体表面改性,如增加基体表面粗糙度、提高反应活性、提供外延生长条件和形成预镀层或转化膜层等,增强镀层与基体之间的机械结合、化学键合作用,进而提高镀层与基体间的界面结合力;通过颗粒改性,包括颗粒表面清洁、修饰与吸附等,以改变颗粒微观结构形态和荷电状态,利用静电机制、空间位阻机制和电胶束空间等理论来增强颗粒与颗粒间的分散能力、颗粒与金属离子间结合能力和颗粒所受电化学作用力等,从而提高颗粒与镀层之间的异质相界面结合能力。鉴于镍基复合电沉积的重要性以及颗粒改性对提高其界面结合的关键作用,综述了其颗粒改性工艺研究和影响,包括细化镍基复合镀层晶粒、改变颗粒表面接触状态、增加颗粒沉积量与其对镍基复合镀层性能的影响。最后对复合电沉积的界面调控和界面结合研究做了总结,指出现阶段还存在的问题,并展望了复合电沉积技术在界面调控和界面结合方面的研究发展方向。Composite electrodeposition is a surface protection technique to obtain functional coatings.The important effects of interface regulation and binding on the properties of composite coatings were summarized.The main mechanism and methods of improving the interface bonding ability were analyzed.The surface modification of the matrix was used to increase the surface roughness of the matrix,improve the reaction activity,provide epitaxial growth conditions and form pre-coating or conversion film,which enhanced the mechanical bonding and chemical bonding between the coating and the matrix,thus improving the interface bonding strength between the coating and the matrix.Through particle modification,including granule surface cleaning,decoration and adsorption,etc.,the microstructure morphology and charged particles state were changed.The electrostatic mechanism,space steric hindrance mechanism and electric theory such as micelle space were applied to enhance particle dispersion ability,bonding ability and electrochemical reaction between particles and metal ions,etc.,thus improving bonding ability of the heterogeneous phase interface between coating and particles.In view of the importance of nickel-based electrodeposition and the key role of particle modification in improving interface bonding,the research and influence on the modification process of nickel-based electrodeposition were reviewed,including refining the grain size of nickel-based composite coatings,changing the surface contact state of particles,increasing the amount of particle deposition and influence on the properties of nickel-based composite coatings.In the end,the research on interface regulation and bonding of composite electrodeposition was summarized and the existing problems were pointed out.The research direction of interface regulation and bonding of composite electrodeposition technology was prospected.

关 键 词：复合电沉积 界面结合 界面调控 基体表面改性 颗粒表面改性 镍基复合电沉积 

分 类 号：TQ153.2[化学工程—电化学工业]