我国犯罪论体系的主要创新与挑战  

Main Innovations and Challenges of Criminal Theory System in China

作　　者：刘立慧 LIU Lihui(School of Marxism,Jiujiang University,Jiujiang Jiangxi 332005,China)

机构地区：[1]九江学院马克思主义学院,江西九江332005

出　　处：《河南警察学院学报》2020年第6期26-41,共16页Journal of Henan Police College

摘　　要：基于苏联犯罪构成理论的创新,体系框架层面经历了不区分违法、责任到实际上区分违法、责任的转变。主要创新成果有犯罪客观要件、犯罪主观要件、犯罪排除要件等体系;不过,犯罪构成理论只有一种意义的犯罪,如何解释中国刑法中多种意义上使用的犯罪,是个难题。基于德日犯罪论的创新,体现为以德日犯罪论作为学术资源,结合中国刑法、中国理论和司法实践的思路。主要创新成果有不法、责任等体系;主要挑战在于德日阶层体系并非无矛盾体系一致的理论体系,可罚行为与中国刑法的犯罪并不相同,中国刑法与德日刑法存在局部根本性差异。基于英美犯罪论的创新,体现为借鉴双层次理论,创新成果有“有罪——免责”双阶层犯罪构成体系;主要挑战在于中国成文法的传统及对大陆法系犯罪论的移植。探索中国特色犯罪论的创新,则是基于中国刑法,考虑中国实际,探索不同于前述几类体系的犯罪构成理论体系。主要创新成果有罪体、罪责、罪量体系,“四六一”体系以及采用了行为违法、行为人责任原则的形式违法、实质违法、责任体系。Based on the crime constitution theory of the Soviet Union,the system framework of the innovation has undergone a transformation from not distinguishing violations and responsibilities to actually distinguishing violations and responsibilities.The main innovation achievements include objective elements of crime,subjective elements of crime,and exclusion elements of crime and the like.However,the theory of crime constitution has only one meaning of crime,therefore,how to explain the crimes used in multiple meanings in Chinese criminal law is a difficult problem.Based on German and Japanese criminal theory,the innovation embodies the idea taking the German and Japanese crime theory as the academic resource,combining Chinese criminal law,Chinese theory and judicial practice.The main innovation achievement is the system that contains lawlessness and responsibility,and the main challenge lies in that the German and Japanese hierarchy system is not the same theoretical system without contradiction,and that the punishable behavior is not the same as the crime of Chinese criminal law,and there are some fundamental differences between Chinese criminal law and German and Japanese criminal law.The innovation based on the British and American crime theory is embodied drawing lessons from the two-level theory,and the innovation results include the system of"guilt——exemption"two-level crime,and the main challenge lies in the tradition of Chinese written law and the transplantation of the theory of crime in the civil law system.To explore the innovation of the theory of crime with Chinese characteristics is to explore the theoretical system of crime constitution which is independent of the above-mentioned systems based on the Chinese criminal law and considering the Chinese reality.The main innovation achievements are the system that contains guilty body,responsibility for an offence,crime amount,the"four-six-one system",and the formally illegal,substantive illegal,and criminal responsibility adopting the principles of beha

关 键 词：犯罪论 犯罪论体系 犯罪构成理论体系 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]