秋茄幼苗生长生理及形态对不同潮汐处理的响应  

Responses of growth,physiology and morphology of Kandelia obovata seedlings to different tidal treatments

作　　者：代捷 程皓[2] 由文辉[1] 王友绍[2] DAI Jie;CHENG Hao;YOU Wenhui;WANG Youshao(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration,College of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;State Key Laboratory of Oceanography in the Tropics,South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510301,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室,华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院,上海200241 [2]热带海洋环境国家重点实验室,中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第6期38-44,共7页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点和面上项目(U1901211、41430966、41676086、41876126);广东省科技计划项目(2016A020222011);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100700);中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(133244KYSB20180012);中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA13010500、XDA13010503、XDA23050200)。

摘　　要：通过人工模拟潮汐研究了不同潮汐淹水(每天周期性水淹0 h、8 h、16 h、24 h)胁迫对秋茄幼苗茎长、生物量、茎根比、叶面积、气孔、抗氧化酶活性的影响。研究结果表明,虽然短期的无潮水浸淹对植物正常的生长影响不大,但是长时间的持续淹没以及无潮汐浸淹都十分不利于秋茄幼苗的生长发育。不同潮汐处理组中,秋茄幼苗更适应16 h潮汐处理,在四个潮汐处理中,16 h潮汐处理的秋茄幼苗总生物量最大,茎根比最小。我们还发现叶面积和叶片下表皮保卫细胞面积随淹水时间延长呈现出先增高后下降的趋势,气孔参数随水淹时间延长持续升高,以保证从外界吸收足够的氧气。另外,叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)随淹水时间延长活力增强,清除逆境激发的过量活性氧,以缓解水淹压力。综上,虽然秋茄具备一定抗水淹性能,但是周期性和适宜的潮汐作用对秋茄的生长发育至关重要。An artificial-tidal tank system was employed to investigate the effects of waterlogging time(0 h,8 h,16 h and 24 h·d-1)on stem length,biomass,stem-root ratio,leaf area,stoma and antioxidant enzyme activity in Kandelia obovata.The results showed that short-term non-tidal flooding environment had little negative effect on growth.Long-term non-tidal flooding conditions(e.g.,continuous submergence and/or without flooding)would inhibit the growth of the seedlings.Among different tidal treatments,the optimal tidal cycle was 16 h·d-1,with the largest biomass and the smallest stem-root ratio.With the prolongation of waterlogging time,leaf area and the area of guard cells increased firstly and then decreased,while stomata parameters consistently increased to ensuring enough oxygen acquisition.In addition,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)in leaves also increased,which may eliminate excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species induced by flooding.In summary,periodic and appropriate tidal cycle is significant for the growth of K.obovata,although a relative high waterlogging tolerance is often found in K.obovata.

关 键 词：模拟潮汐 秋茄 茎根比 气孔 活性氧 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]