毛竹-多花黄精复合经营模式对土壤理化特性的影响  

Effects of different Phyllostachys pubescens–Polygonatum cyrtonema intercropping models on soil physicochemical properties

作　　者：王勤[1] 孙梦瑶 遆建航 曹小青 徐小牛[1] WANG Qin;SUN Mengyao;DI Jianhang;CAO Xiaoqing;XU Xiaoniu(School of Forestry&Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学林学与园林学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第6期54-59,共6页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0600105),安徽省重点研究和开发计划(1804h07020154)。

摘　　要：复合经营是提高毛竹林经营效益及其生态功能的有效途径,为了探讨毛竹(Phyllostachys pubescens)–多花黄精(Polygonatum cyrtonema)不同复合模式对土壤理化特性的影响,在安徽金寨县建立了不同立竹密度(M1:1639株·hm–2;M2:2095株·hm–2;M3:2553株·hm–2;CK:2870株·hm–2)的毛竹-多花黄精复合模式试验林,进行比较分析。研究结果表明,复合模式的土壤容重显著降低,非毛管孔隙度、初渗速率和稳渗速率均显著提高。复合模式土壤0—30 cm土层有机碳含量平均高于对照13.2%,两者间差异显著(p<0.05),而土壤全氮含量没有显著差异;复合模式土壤有效氮、有效磷、交换性镁平均分别高于对照32.6%、31.4%和35.1%(p<0.05)。然而交换性钾表聚性明显,0—30 cm土层平均含量低于对照14.7%;土壤交换性钙含量,复合模式与对照之间没有显著差异,表聚性不明显。综合各项指标可以看出,不同复合模式效应存在一定差异,其中复合模式M2在改善土壤肥力方面的效果明显优于其它模式和对照,生产上可推广应用。Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys pubescens)agroforestry is an effective way to improve its management benefits and ecological functioning.In order to reveal the effects of different intercropping models on soil property,an experimental forest of Phyllostachys pubescens-Polygonatum cyrtonema was established with three different bamboo densities including M1,1639 culms·hm–2;M2,2095 culms·hm–2;M3,2553 culms·hm–2;and the control stand(CK)was 2870 culms·hm–2 in December 2015 in Jinzhai,Anhui Province.An investigation was conducted in October 2018 for analysis of the effects of those models on soil physicochemical properties.The results showed that soil bulk density significantly decreased in intercropping models than in CK.The non-capillary porosity,initial infiltration rate,and stable infiltration rate of soils were significantly increased by intercropping Polygonatum cyrtonema.In 0-30 cm soil layer,the mean concentration of soil organic carbon was 13.2%higher in the intercropping models than in CK(p<0.05),while there was no significant difference in soil total nitrogen between intercropping model and CK.With comparison to CK,soil available nitrogen increased by 32.6%,and available phosphorus by 31.4%,exchangeable K+by 26.0%and Mg2+by 35.1%in the intercropping models.However,there was no significant difference in soil exchangeable Ca2+between intercropping model and CK.It is clear that there exist somewhat differences in ecological benefits among the different models based on the above mentioned soil parameters.In those models,M2 was the best one in improvement of soil fertility,and suitable for application and extension.

关 键 词：毛竹 多花黄精 立竹密度 复合模式 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学]