杨麦间作系统枯落物持水能力对地表径流氮流失的影响  

Effects of litter water-holding capability on nitrogen loss with surface runoff in poplar-wheat intercropping system

作　　者：褚军[1] 金梅娟[2] 佟思纯 吴永波 薛建辉[4] CHU Jun;JIN Meijuan;TONG Sichun;WU Yongbo;XUE Jianhui(Yangzhou Polytechnic College,Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Security and Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225009,China;Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Taihu Lake District,Suzhou 215155,China;College of Biology and the Environment,Nanjing Forestry University,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Nanjing 210037,China;Institute of Botany Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学,江苏省农业安全生产与环境保护工程技术研究中心,扬州225009 [2]苏州市农业科学院,江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,苏州215155 [3]南京林业大学生物与环境学院,江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,南京210037 [4]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《生态科学》2020年第6期127-136,共10页Ecological Science

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201104002);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(12KJA180003);扬州市“绿扬金凤”人才引进项目;扬州市职业大学校级科研课题(2017ZR27);2019年度扬州市市级社科重点课题。

摘　　要：以太湖流域杨麦间作系统为研究对象,对系统内不同枯落物蓄积量持水能力及对地表径流中不同形态氮流失效应进行定位观测,结果表明:随着枯落物蓄积量的增加,蓄积量为0.4 t·hm–2最大持水量、最大拦截量和有效拦截能力>0.2 t·hm–2>0.1 t·hm–2,最大持水量的变化范围为2.35—12.93 t·hm–2,最大拦截量变化范围2.17—10.95 t·hm–2,有效拦蓄能力在1.80—9.10 t·hm–2之间;枯落物持水量与浸泡时间呈对数关系(R2>0.90),枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间呈幂函数关系(R2>0.99)。枯落物蓄积量越大,对地表径流量及地表径流中不同形态氮流失的削减效果越显著。而2种间作密度下,A1处理对地表径流中TN、NO3–-N和NH4+-N的削减效果>A2;径流中以NO3–-N流失为主,TN、NO3–-N和NH4+-N流失量随枯落物蓄积量的增加呈下降的趋势,蓄积量越大,差异越显著。The poplar-wheat intercropping system was studied in the Taihu Lake basin to investigate the water-holding capacity of different litter volume and effects of nitrogen loss with surface runoff.The results showed that with the increase of litter storage,the maximum water holding capacity,maximum interception amount and modified interception capacity were 0.4 t·hm–2>0.2 t·hm–2>0.1 t·hm–2.The maximum water-holding capacity raged from 2.35-12.93 t·hm–2.The maximum interception amount raged from 2.17-10.95 t·hm–2,and the modified interception capacity raged from 1.80-9.10t·hm–2.The relationship between water-holding capacity of litter and soaking time was logarithmic(R2>0.90),and the water absorption rate of litter had power function relationships with the soaking time(R2>0.99).With increasing litter amount,the effects on the reduction both in surface runoff and nitrogen loss increased significantly.The reduction effect of A1 treatment on TN、NO3–-N and NH4+-N in surface runoff was better than that of A2 under two densities of the intercropping system.The loss of NO3–-N was the main form of runoff.The loss of TN,NO3–-N and NH4+-N decreased with the increase of litter storage.The larger the storage led to more significant differences.

关 键 词：枯落物量 持水特性 地表径流 氮流失 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]