城市湖泊富营养化状况评价及应对策略——以武汉市南湖为例  

Evaluation of Eutrophication of Urban Lakes and Coping Strategies--A Case Study of Nanhu Lake of Wuhan City

作　　者：尹然 YIN Ran(Beijing Zhongke Tianhe Environmental Technology Service Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司,北京100085

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第24期66-70,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以武汉市南湖为研究对象,通过为期8个月(2018年12月—2019年7月)的水质监测,阐明了湖区内叶绿素a(Chl a)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、透明度(SD)及高锰酸盐指数(COD Mn)的时空变化特征以及富营养化水平。结果表明,南湖水体黑臭的主要影响指标为TN与SD,流域内水体TN平均浓度为4.60 mg/L,SD均值为35.42 cm,TP平均浓度为0.18 mg/L,COD Mn平均浓度为8.77 mg/L,Chl a平均浓度为53.71μg/L;在时间尺度上,上覆水综合营养状态指数TLI呈现出雨季(6—7月)高于旱季(12月—5月);在空间尺度上,南湖各片区均处于富营养状态,且三大片区中综合营养状态指数TLI民大片区>洪山片区>财大片区。无论从时间尺度上还是空间尺度上,所有采样点均处于富营养状态,且富营养化程度与地区污染水平呈现一定的相关性。生活污水和畜禽养殖业废水等直排入湖等是造成该湖区水体富营养化问题突出的主要原因。Taking Nanhu Lake in Wuhan City as the research object,the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of chlorophylla(Chl a),total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN),transparency(SD)and permanganate index(COD Mn)and eutrophication level in the lake area were clarified through 8-month water quality monitoring from December 2018 to July 2019.The results show that TN and transparency are the main indicators of black odor in Nanhu Lake.The average concentration of TN in the watershed is 4.60 mg/L,the average transparency is 35.42 cm,the average concentration of TP is 0.18 mg/L,the average concentration of COD Mn is 8.77 mg/L,and the average concentration of Chl a is 53.71μg/L;On the time scale,the TLI of the overlying water shows that the rainy season(June-July)is higher than the dry season(December-May);On the spatial scale,all areas of Nanhu Lake are in eutrophic state,and the comprehensive nutrition state index of the three major areas is TLI Minda Area>Hongshan Area>Caida Area.No matter from time scale or space scale,all sampling points are in the state of eutrophication,and the degree of eutrophication has a certain correlation with the level of regional pollution.The main causes of eutrophication in the lake area are the direct discharge of domestic sewage into the lake and the direct discharge of livestock and poultry wastewater into the lake.

关 键 词：富营养化 综合营养状态指数法 南湖 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]