格林模式健康教育在预防手术室血源性职业暴露中的应用  

Application of health education based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model for preventing occupational blood-borne exposure in operating room

作　　者：李小英[1] 刘雄涛[1] 古茹 寇晓会[2] 于晓倩 李培迪[1] 孔德玲[3] LI Xiao-ying;LIU Xiong-tao;GU Ru;KOU Xiao-hui;YU Xiao-qian;LI Pei-di;KONG De-ling(Department of Anesthesiology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710004,China;Department of Otolaryngology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710004,China;Department of Nursing Management,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院麻醉手术科,陕西西安710004 [2]西安交通大学第二附属医院耳鼻喉科,陕西西安710004 [3]西安交通大学第二附属医院护理部,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第18期2577-2581,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：社会发展科技攻关项目(2016SF-152)。

摘　　要：目的评价格林模式健康教育对手术室护士预防血源性职业暴露的知识水平、态度和标准防护措施行为依从性的影响。方法2018年7—12月采用整群抽样法在西安交通大学第二附属医院(西北医院)选取92名手术室护士作为调查对象,基于格林模式设计调查问卷和健康教育干预方式。采用自行设计的手术室医务人员血源性暴露调查问卷,评估干预前发生血源性职业暴露防护现状相关防护知识、态度和标准防护措施行为依存性,及过去1年中发生的暴露史。根据得分较低的条目制定针对性倾向因素、促成因素和强化因素的健康教育干预方案。采用t检验比较干预前后血源性暴露防护知识、态度和标准防护措施行为依存性得分。结果干预前手术室护士血源性职业暴露防护知识、态度和行为依从性得分分别为7.13±1.69、31.46±5.37和30.09±4.65。格林模式健康教育干预后6个月,防护知识、态度、行为依从性得分分别为11.73±1.02、37.20±4.15和43.51±1.00,差异均有统计学意义(t=23.92、31.88、26.84,均P<0.05),结论格林模式健康教育可增强手术室护士预防血源性职业暴露的知识水平,改善防护态度和标准防护措施行为依从性。Objective To evaluate the effect of health education based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model on knowledge,attitudes,and behavior compliance for preventing blood-borne occupational exposure in the operating room.Methods A cluster sampling was used to select 92 operating room nurses as the research subjects in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University(Northwest Hospital)from July to December in 2018.The PRECEDE-PROCEED model was used to design the questionnaire and health education intervention plan.Knowledge,attitudes,and behavior compliance regarding occupational blood-borne exposures were measured using self-developed questionnaire before health education intervention,while the exposure history in the past year was investigated.The health education intervention programs of targeted tendency factors,contributing factors and strengthening factors were formulated according to the items with lower scores.t test was used to compare the scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior compliance of standard protective measures against blood-borne exposure before and after intervention.Results Before intervention,the scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior compliance of blood-borne exposure protection among operating room nurses were 7.13±1.69,31.46±5.37 and 30.09±4.65,respectively.After six months of intervention,the scores of knowledge,attitude and behavior compliance were 11.73±1.02,37.20±4.15 and 43.51±1.00,respectively.The differences were statistically significant(t=23.92,31.88,26.84,all P<0.05).Conclusion The effectiveness of health education based on PRECEDE-PROCEED model can improve knowledge,attitudes,and behavior for preventing occupational blood-borne exposure among operating room nurses.

关 键 词：手术室 血源性职业暴露 格林模式 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]