传统政治文化与俄罗斯政治发展道路选择  

Traditional Political Culture and the Choice of Russian Political Development Path

作　　者：马风书[1] 吴昊 MA Feng-shu;WU Hao(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Shandong University,Qingdao 266237,China;School of Foreign Languages,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130117,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学政治学与公共管理学院,山东青岛266237 [2]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第1期115-123,共9页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(19FZZB001);吉林省社会科学基金项目(2018B30)。

摘　　要：俄罗斯的政治发展道路极为独特,这在很大程度上源于其政治文化的特殊性。通过考察二者的关系,可以更好地理解当代俄罗斯的政治制度选择,更准确地预测其未来政治发展进程。本文在总结俄罗斯政治文化的影响因素及其主要内容的基础上,分析了俄罗斯政治文化的特征及其对俄罗斯政治发展道路的影响。受东西方文化的影响,俄罗斯政治文化表现出鲜明的矛盾性:集体主义与个人主义,国家主义和无政府主义,君主专制和自由主义、民主主义,虔诚的宗教信仰与无神论思想,等等。这种独特而又充满矛盾的政治文化在三个方面深刻影响了俄罗斯的政治发展道路:政治模式和国家制度,国家、社会和个人的关系,政治变革的方式。Russia s political development path is extremely unique,which is largely due to the particularity of its political culture.By examining the relationship between the two,we can better understand Russia s choice of political systems in modern times and more accurately predict its future political development process.On the basis of summarizing the influencing factors of Russian political culture and its main contents,this paper analyzes the characteristics of its political culture and its influences on Russia s political development path.Influenced by the eastern and western cultures,Russian political culture shows distinct contradictions:collectivism and individualism;nationalism and anarchism;monarchy and liberalism and democracy;devout religious beliefs and atheism,etc.This unique and contradictory political culture has profoundly influenced Russia s political development path in three aspects:political model and state system;the relationships among state,society and the individuals and the way of political change.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 政治文化 政治道路 

分 类 号：D751.2[政治法律—中外政治制度]