木薯叶片和块根中氰苷的快速提取  

Quick Extraction of Cyanogenic Glycoside from Cassava Leaves and Storage Roots

作　　者：周新成[1,2] 陈新 卢诚[1,2] 任军方 王文泉[1,2] ZHOU Xincheng;CHEN Xin;LU Cheng;REN Junfang;WANG Wenquan(Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 571101;Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou Hainan 571101;Tropical Horticulture Research Institute of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Haikou Hainan 571100;Hainan Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Tropical Special Economic Plants,Haikou Hainan 571100)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101 [2]农业农村部热带作物生物学与遗传资源重点实验室,海南海口571101 [3]海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所,海南海口571100 [4]海南省特种经济植物种质资源创新利用重点实验室,海南海口571100

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2020年第24期214-216,220,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金面上项目(317259);农业农村部物种品种资源保护费项目(111821301354052033);科技部国际合作计划项目(No.KY 201701005)。

摘　　要：木薯块根中氰苷的含量决定其食用品质,选育低氰苷品种是木薯食用化发展的重要课题。为此,探索了一种快速高效提取木薯叶片和块根中氰苷的方法。利用该方法对3个不同品种的木薯叶片和块根提取氰苷,并用液相色谱-质谱法测定其氰苷含量。结果表明,木薯叶片和块根均含有亚麻苦苷和百脉根苷2种氰苷,以亚麻苦苷为主要类型;3个品种木薯叶片氰苷含量均远大于块根中氰苷含量;不同木薯间氰苷含量有很大差异,野生木薯氰苷含量要大于栽培品种。文中提出的木薯氰苷的提取方法所需时间短,节约劳力、材料用量少,可作为木薯食用品种选育中氰苷含量鉴定的有效方法。The edible quality of cassava is determined by the content of cyanogenic glucoside in the storage roots.Breeding low cyanogenic glycoside varieties is an important topic in the cassava edible development.Therefore,a rapid and efficient extraction method of cyanogenic glycoside from cassava leaves and storage roots was explored.The method was used to extract cyanogenic glycoside from leaves and storage roots of three different varieties of cassava,and the content of cyanogenic glycoside was determined by HPLC-MS.The results showed that the leaves and storage roots of cassava contained two kinds of cyanogenic glycoside(linamarin and lotaustralin),with linamarin as the main type;the cyanogenic glycoside content in leaves of three varieties of cassava was much higher than that in storage roots;the content of cyanogenic glycoside in wild cassava was higher than that in cultivated varieties.The extraction method of cyanogenic glycoside from cassava needs less time,labor saving and less material consumption.It can be used as an effective method to identify the content of cyanogenic glycoside in breeding of cassava varieties.

关 键 词：木薯 氰苷 氢氰酸 叶片 块根 亚麻苦苷 百脉根苷 提取方法 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]