耳蜗毛细胞的细胞电生理实验研究进展  

Recent Advances in Cochlear Hair Cells Electrophysiology Research

作　　者：田超永 查定军 TIAN Chaoyong;ZHA Dingjun(Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,Xijing Hospital,PLA Air Force Military Medical University,Key Laboratory of Inner Ear in Aerospace Medicine,PLA,Xi’an 710032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军空军军医大学西京医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,全军航空航天医学内耳研究重点实验室,西安710032

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2020年第6期1091-1095,共5页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81870732);陕西省科技重点项目(2018PT-01);西京助推(XJZT14X07,XJZT15D02,XJZT18MDT07,XJZT18X23,XJZT18D16)。

摘　　要：耳蜗毛细胞(Hair Cells,HCs)通过顶部纤毛的运动将声信号转换为听神经纤维电信号,通过脑干听觉核团等听觉中枢传导至听觉皮质而产生听觉。目前,应用膜片钳电生理技术,证实了毛细胞膜上可表达多种离子通道及转运蛋白等,而各种病理状态下的HCs均伴有某些特定离子通道的电变化。对这些电变化的研究,将为我们明确许多遗传性耳聋和听觉损伤复杂的发病机理,进一步拓展在细胞以及分子水平上诊断和治疗许多由内耳疾病所导致的耳聋和听力损伤新理念、新思路。Cochlear hair cells(HCs)convert acoustic signals into electrical signals through stereocillia movement to be transmitted to the auditory cortex via the auditory nerve and auditory centers(such as the auditory nucleus in the brain stem)to generate auditory perception.At present,studies using patch clamp technology have shown expression of various ion channels and transporters on HC membrane,and changes of electrical characteristics of certain ion channels associated with HCs under various pathological conditions.Studying these electrical changes provides us with a clear understanding of the complex pathogenesis of hereditary deafness and hearing impairment,and foster new ideas and innovation in the diagnosis and treatment of inner ear diseases at cellular and molecular levels.

关 键 词：毛细胞 膜片钳技术 电生理学 

分 类 号：R764[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]