云南松母树和不同采种时间对球果发育及种子质量的影响  

Effects of Different Maternal Trees and Seed Collecting Periods on Cone Development and Seed Quality for Pinus Yunnanensis

作　　者：吴俊多 沈松 李莲芳 张青青 杨历雨 杨永洁 叶桂荣 吴柏良 马敬 李杨涛 郑川玲 杨博 刘进 WU Junduo;SHEN Song;LI Lianfang;ZHANG Qingqing;YANG Liyu;YANG Yongjie;YE Guirong;WU Bailiang;MA Jing;LI Yangtao;ZHENG Chuanling;YANG Bo;LIU Jin(Lam College,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,Yunnan)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期118-126,共9页Journal of Sichuan Normal University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2017YFD0600504-1)。

摘　　要：为了解采种时间和母树对云南松球果和种子性状的影响,对云南大理弥渡第一代无性系种子园混合家系种子培育苗木造林的11 a生云南松人工林进行采种研究.选择10株结实良好的母树,于10月底至翌年3月中旬分6批次采种,以采种时期和母树为因素,构成2因子完全随机设计.结果表明,处理组合的球果横径、纵径、干质量、含水质量分数、出种率和种子千粒质量分别为29.6~46.6 mm、51.21~85.67mm、15.4~50.4 g/个、8.9%~51.8%、1.7%~4.1%和10.4~20.6 g,不同处理组合的以上指标均具有极显著的差异(P≈0.000<0.01),除采种时间是影响球果含水质量分数的主导因子外,影响其余指标的主导因子均为母树.球果横径和纵径与其干质量、含水质量分数及种子千粒质量间均呈极显著的正相关(R=0.161~0.873,P≈0.000<0.01),即球果尺寸可反映种实的质量.In order to detect the effects of seed collection periods(SCPs)and maternal trees(MTs)on the cone involved seed characteristics of Pinus yunnanensis,the cone collection is conducted in an 11-year-old P.yunnanensis plantation which is established with the seedlings raised by mixed family seeds collected from the 1 stcycle Clone Seed Orchard in Midu,Dali,Yunnan.The 10 soundfruit MTs are selected to collect cones for total 6 batches from the end of October to middle March of the next year.The two-factor completely random design is constructed through the cone collection periods(CCPs)and MTs act as the factors.The results show that mean transverse and longitudinal diameters of cones(TRDCs,LODCs),dry weights,moisture content,seed yield of cones and 1000-seed weights of the treatment combinations(TCs)are 29.6-46.6 mm,51.21-85.67 mm,15.4-50.38 g/cone,8.9%-51.8%,1.7%-4.1%and 10.4-20.6 g,respectively.All of the preceding parameters have significant differences between the TCs(P≈0.000<0.01).Excepting for the SCPs being the dominant factor affecting the moisture content,the dominant factors affecting other parameters are the MTs.There is significant positive correlation between the TRDCs,LODC and their dry weight,water content and1000-seed weight(R=0.161-0.873,P≈0.000<0.01),that the cones size could reflect the quality of the seeds.

关 键 词：云南松 母树 采种时间 球果 种子 

分 类 号：S791.257[农业科学—林木遗传育种]