农村劳动力老龄化、女性化与粮食供给安全  

Aging and Feminization of Rural Labor Force and Food Supply Security

作　　者：张志新[1] 李成 靳玥 ZHANG Zhixin;LI Cheng;JIN Yue(School of Economics,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255022,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学经济学院,山东淄博255022

出　　处：《华东经济管理》2021年第1期86-96,共11页East China Economic Management

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目“国际化进程中的农村劳动力国内外流动一体化机理与调控研究”(17BJY107)。

摘　　要：文章利用2003—2017年省级面板数据,研究了农村劳动力老龄化和女性化对粮食供给安全产生的影响及南北方差异。研究结果表明:从全国来看,农村劳动力老龄化对粮食供给安全存在负向影响,女性化对粮食供给安全存在正向影响;从区域来看,农村劳动力老龄化对南方地区的影响明显大于北方地区;而女性化对南北方地区的影响没有明显差异。主要原因是北方地区较高的农业机械化率和人力资本水平的稳步提升。因此,支持农村青壮年劳动力从事粮食生产、开发适合南方粮食生产特点的农机具和发挥农村女性劳动力在粮食生产中的作用,才能确保我国粮食供给安全。Based on the provincial panel data from 2003 to 2017,this paper studies the impact of rural labor aging and feminization on food production and supply security and the differences between the South and the North.The results show that the aging of rural labor force has a negative impact on food production and supply security,while feminization has a positive impact on food production and supply security;from the regional point of view,the impact of rural labor aging on the southern region is significantly greater than that of the northern region,while the impact of feminization on the southern and northern regions has no significant difference.The main reason is the higher agricultural mechanization rate and the steady improvement of human capital level in northern China.Therefore,only by supporting the rural young and middle-aged labor force to engage in food production,developing agricultural machinery suitable for the characteristics of food production in the South and giving full play to the role of rural female labor force in food production can ensure the security of food production and supply in China.

关 键 词：劳动力生产要素 粮食供给安全 南北差异 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F326.1