中国大麦黄矮病毒及BYDV-GAV株系研究进展  

Research Progress in Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus and BYDV-GAV Strain in China

作　　者：乔世英 闫佳会 郭青云 QIAO Shiying;YAN Jiahui;GUO Qingyun(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Qinghai University/Qinghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management/Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pest in Xining,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业农村部西宁作物有害生物科学观测实验站,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2020年第10期103-111,共9页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201205)。

摘　　要：大麦黄矮病毒(Barley yellow dwarf virus,BYDVs)隶属于黄症病毒科(Luteovirdae)黄症病毒属(Luteovirus),由该病毒引起的小麦黄矮病最早在美国发生并报道,此后在国外其他地域也曾有过发生报道。在我国,小麦黄矮病最早于1960年在陕西、甘肃发生并报道,近年来,在我国其他地区也有发生,该病害被称为麦类作物上的“癌症”,对麦类作物生产影响较大,为害严重时,造成麦类作物产量大幅降低。BYDV株系的划分依据为其传毒介体蚜虫的传播专化性,即一个病毒株系只能由一种或两种蚜虫进行传播,根据ICTV国际病毒委员会分类系统报道,目前国际上确定的该病毒株系有BYDV-MAV、BYDV-PAV、BYDV-RMV、BYDV-SGV等,我国鉴定有BYDV-PAV、BYDV-GPV、BYDV-GAV、BYDV-RMV 4个株系,GAV为我国流行株系。主要从BYDV的为害症状、株系分化、传播介体、基因组结构和功能、病害防治方面进行相关综述,着重介绍BYDV-GAV株系的抗性鉴定、抗性基因等方面的相关研究进展,以期为该病害的抗病育种和防治提供一定的理论基础。Barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDVs)belongs to Luteovirus,the Luteovirdae family.Wheat yellow dwarf disease caused by BYDV first occurred and was reported in the United States,and has been reported in other regions abroad.In China,the disease first occurred and was reported in Shannxi and Gansu in 1960.In recent years,it has also occurred in other regions of China.The disease is called a"cancer"on wheat crops,which has a great impact on wheat crop production.When confronted with severe damage,the outputs of wheat crops were reduced greatly.The classification of BYDV strains is based on the specificity of its transmission vector,that is,a virus strain can only be transmitted by one or two aphids.According to the classification system of the ICTV International Virus Commission,the virus strains identified internationally include BYDV-MAV,BYDV-PAV,BYDV-RMV,BYDV-SGV et al,and 4 strains have been identified in China,which are BYDV-PAV,BYDV-GPV,BYDV-GAV and BYDV-RMV.BYDV-GAV is a prevalent strain in China.This article mainly reviews the disease symptoms,strain differentiation,transmission vector,genome structure and function,disease prevention and control of BYDV,focusing on the research of resistance identification and resistance genes of BYDV-GAV.And then a certain theoretical basis is provided for the disease resistance breeding and control.

关 键 词：麦类作物 大麦黄矮病毒 BYDV-GAV株系 抗病基因 病害防治 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]