华南地区不同水稻品种对呋虫胺利用率的评价  

Evaluation of dinotefuran utilization in rice cultivars from South China

作　　者：陈志廷 肖钰艳 徐小慧 李汉卿 徐汉虹[1] 林菲 CHEN Zhiting;XIAO Yuyan;XU Xiaohui;LI Hanqing;XU Hanhong;LIN Fei(South China Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学天然农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《农药学学报》2020年第6期984-992,共9页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200300);广东省自然科学基金(2018A030313188);广州市科技计划项目(201707020013)。

摘　　要：稻田深施药和种苗带药是实现水稻精简耕作方式的有效途径,利用这些方式施用的杀虫剂,必须通过水稻种子或者根部吸收才能分布到植株各部位发挥药效。评价水稻品种间种子吸收杀虫剂的效率将有利于实现农药的减施增效。用1 mmol/L的呋虫胺浸泡处理51个水稻品种的种子后,采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC)检测萌芽水稻幼苗根部和地上部中呋虫胺的含量,利用WinRHIZO软件分析其根部的形态指标,评价呋虫胺对种子萌发生长的影响。结果表明:不同水稻品种对呋虫胺的吸收量存在很大差异,其中桂育2号、合美占、93-11、桂华占和桂育7号的总吸收量相对较高;与清水浸种对照相比,经呋虫胺浸种萌发的水稻幼苗根变细,但根尖数、根长、根表面积和根体积变大,其中桂华占、泸香658、八桂香和聚两优750为高吸收利用呋虫胺的品种,且用呋虫胺浸种不会对水稻的生长造成不利影响。研究结果为从植物与农药互作的角度,提高农药利用率提供了前瞻性信息,也为推进稻田规模化种植提供了种质资源,为了解农药在水稻中的输导机理研究提供了线索。Deep application of agrochemical in rice fields and coating pesticide on seedlings are efficient ways to achieve simple rice cultivation method. Insecticides applied by these means must be absorbed by rice seeds or roots and then distributed to various parts of the plant to exert their effects.Evaluating the efficiency of the absorption of pesticides by seeds among rice cultivars will be beneficial to the reduction and synergy of pesticides. After soaking and treating 51 rice seeds with dinotefuran at the concentration of 1 mmol/L, and the pesticide content in roots and leaves of rice were detected by UPLC. WinRHIZO software was used to analyze the morphological indexes of roots and evaluate the effect of dinotefuran on seed germination and growth. The results showed that different cultivars of rice had great differences in terms of their ability of dinotefuran absorption. The total accumulation of Guiyu2, Hemeizhan, 93-11, Guihuazhan and Guiyu 7 in rice was relatively high. Overall, after exposing the seeds to dinotefuran, the diameter of the rice roots became smaller and the roots became thinner at the germination stage. But the number of root tips, root length, root surface area and root volume became larger comparing to the water control treatment. The conclusion was that Guihuazhan, Luxiang 658,Baguixiang and Juliangyou 750 were cultivars with high absorption of dinotefuran. And adverse effects on the growth of rice were not observed after they were exposed to dinotefuran in the rice seed stage.The results provided the information on improving pesticide utilization for rice cultivar in the stand point of the interaction between pesticides and crops.

关 键 词：水稻品种 呋虫胺 吸收 转运 农药利用率 

分 类 号：S482.3[农业科学—农药学] O657.72[农业科学—植物保护]