贵州开阳地区茶叶斑病相关病原菌长柄链格孢菌(Alternaria longipes)的研究  

Study of tea leaf spot related Alternaria longipes in Kaiyang region, Guizhou Province

作　　者：杨志英 卢佳欣 李涛[1,2] 安小丽 王勇 Dharmasena D.S.P.[2] 武娴 王德炉 陈卓[2] Yang Zhiying;Lu Jiaxin;Li Tao;An Xiaoli;Wang Yong;Dharmasena D.S.P;Wu Xian;Wang Delu;Chen Zhuo(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学绿色农药与农业生物工程教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2020年第11期5-12,34,共9页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200308);国家重点研发计划后补助(黔科合平台人才[2018]5262);国家自然科学家基金(21977023);贵州省植物病理学科科技创新人才团队(黔科合平台人才[2020]5001)。

摘　　要：2016—2018年,经实地调查,茶叶斑病病害在贵州开阳县发病率84%~92%,严重程度64%~76%。2019年本研究从该区域茶树叶部病害样品中分离纯化多种菌株,并对其中多个形态相似的分离物进行菌落形态、子实体、分生孢子梗和分生孢子的形态观察。测定了链格孢变应原a1(Alt a1)和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(GAPDH)等核酸序列,采用PAUP软件及最大简约法,进行了多基因系统发育树分析。依据柯赫氏法则,对代表菌株AXLKY2019010进行了室内和田间致病性分析。同时,研究了代表菌株AXLKY2019010在PDA、OA和MEA3种培养基上的生长速率、菌落形态和生物学特性。结果表明,代表性菌株AXLKY2019010的菌落形态、子实体、分生孢子梗和分生孢子等形态与长柄链格孢菌(Alternaria longipes)一致。其分生孢子梗呈浅棕色,有0~1个分隔,呈膝状弯曲,大小(50~100)μm×(3~5)μm;分生孢子呈深橄榄色或棕色,狭卵形,基部较平截,大小(22.9±4.5)μm×(1.1±1.7)μm,有2~8个横隔和0~2个纵隔。多基因系统发育树表明代表性菌株AXLKY2019010与A.longipes EGS30-033聚为一支,自举支持率为100%。致病性分析表明,代表性菌株AXLKY2019010可导致茶树叶片产生病斑。生物学特性研究表明,菌株AXLKY2019010在OA培养基上生长最快,生长速率为(1.15±0.02)cm/d,菌株在3种培养基上的生长速率有显著差异。The results of field investigation from 2016 to 2018 indicated that the incidence of tea leaf spot in Kaiyang was about 84%~92%and the disease severity was about 64%~76%.To understand as well as control the leaf spot of tea in Kaiyang County,the pathogen strains were isolated and purified in this study.The morphology of the colony,fruiting body,conidiophores,and conidia of the isolates share similar morphology were observed.The Alternaria allergen a1(Alt)and the region of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)were sequenced,and the phylogenetic tree of polygenes was analyzed by using the maximum parsimony method with PAUP software.According to Koch′s rule,the pathogenicity test was conducted for the representative strain AXLKY2019010 in the laboratory and the field.The radial growth rates of the isolate,the colonial morphology,and the biological characteristics of AXLKY2019010 that incubated on PDA,OA,and MEA medium were studied.The results showed that the conidiophores and conidia of AXLKY2019010 were similar to Alternaria longipes.The conidiophores of AXLKY2019010 was light brown,geniculate,with 0~1 septa and a size of(50~100)×(3~5)μm.The matured conidia of AXLKY2019010 was dark olive or brown,narrowly ovoid,with a relatively broad base,(22.9±4.5)×(11.1±1.7)μm in size,with 2~8 transverse septa and 0~2 longitudinal septa.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the representative strain AXLKY2019010 and A.longipes EGS30-033 were clustered into one clade,and their bootstrap support rate was 100%.The pathogenicity test indicated that AXLKY2019010 can induce the lesion of tea leaf under indoor and natural conditions.The study of biological characteristics showed that the growth rate of AXLKY2019010 on OA medium was(1.1472±0.0156)cm per day,which was significantly higher than that on the PDA and the MEA medium,

关 键 词：茶树 叶斑病 鉴定 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S435.79[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]