以人群健康为导向的小型公共绿地建成环境要素分析——以江苏省南京市老城区为例  

ANALYSES OF THE IMPACT OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT FACTORS OF SMALL PUBLIC GREEN SPACES ON PUBLIC HEALTH——A CASE STUDY ON THE OLD CITY CENTER OF NANJING, JIANGSU PROVINCE

作　　者：关芃 徐小东[1] 徐宁[1] 王伟[1] GUAN Peng;XU Xiaodong;XU Ning;WANG Wei(School of Architecture,Southeast University;Architects and Engineers Co.,Ltd.of Southeast University)

机构地区：[1]东南大学建筑学院,210096 [2]东南大学建筑设计研究院有限公司

出　　处：《景观设计学（中英文）》2020年第5期76-92,共17页Landscape Architecture Frontiers

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点专项课题“传统村落活态化保护利用的关键技术与集成示范”(编号:2019YFD1100904)。

摘　　要：城市公共绿地对人群健康水平有着密切影响,有益于身心健康的体力、社交与休憩活动在两者间起到重要的中介作用。本文以南京市老城区35个小型公共绿地为样本,通过Arc GIS分析、实地调研、勘察测绘等研究方法获取各样本的建成环境要素数据和健康活动数据;随后以区位要素和功能空间要素数据为内在影响因子,以小型公共绿地内的健康活动频次密度为外在表征因子建立岭回归模型,研究规划布局和设计阶段的建成环境要素对人群健康活动的引导作用。结果表明:绿地区位布局对健康活动频次密度的影响相对较低,邻近高密度住区的绿地对健康活动频次密度的促进作用远大于功能密集区域内的绿地;功能设施是影响健康活动频次密度的主导因素,其中休憩座椅密度的正向效用最为显著;合理的空间配置、开敞的环境界面能够显著促进健康活动的发生,绿地率或步道密度过高反而会对健康活动频次密度产生负面影响。最后,基于研究结论,本文对小型公共绿地规划设计提出了相关建议。Urban public green spaces signiticantly impact public health level,where physical,social,and recreational outdoor activities play an important role in improving people ’s physical and mental health.In this paper,a total of 35 samples of small public green spaces were selected,and the data of built environment factors and healthy activities of each sample were collocted through ArcGIS analysis,field survey,and mapping.This paper then analyzes the impact of built environment factors on public healthy activities from a planning and design perspective by establishing a ridge regression model,which adopts Location factors and functional/spatial factors in small public green spaces as independent variables,and the frequency density of healthy activities as dependent variables.The research reveals that:To location factors,the small public green spaces located near dense residential areas have a much greater impact on promoting public health activities than the ones sitting in dense mixed land use areas;To functional/spatial factors,facilities are the dominant factor that positively impacts users’ healthy activities,particularly the seating density;Reasonably designed small public green spaces or the ones with more open interfaces can effectively encourage people ’s healthy activities,while which would be sig nificantly decreased when the green space rate or the path density is excessively high.Finally,the paper proposes suggestions on the planning and design of small public green spaces.

关 键 词：小型公共绿地 人群健康 建成环境 区位要素 功能空间要素 南京市 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]