单细胞RNA测序在胰岛细胞生物学中的应用研究进展  

Research advances on application of single-cell RNA sequencing in islet cell biology

作　　者：刘馨竹 彭毅志 申传安[1] Liu Xinzhu;Peng Yizhi;Shen Chuan′an(Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery,the Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100048,China;State Key Laboratory of Trauma,Burns and Combined Injury,Institute of Burn Research,the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University(the Third Military Medical University),Chongqing 400038,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第四医学中心烧伤整形科,北京100048 [2]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)第一附属医院全军烧伤研究所,创伤、烧伤与复合伤国家重点实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2020年第12期1208-1212,共5页Chinese Journal of Burns

基　　金：国家白然科学基金面上项目(81373140);军队后勤科研计划重大项目(ALB18J001)。

摘　　要：自2016年首次对人类胰岛进行单细胞水平RNA测序后,涌现了大量关于小鼠及人类胰岛的测序分析结果,为胰岛细胞生物学的研究带来了新的进展。研究证明,单细胞RNA测序技术能够表征罕见类型内分泌细胞,观察到典型内分泌细胞的异质性和新的细胞亚型,更好地分析内分泌细胞的种属间差异,以及更精准地描述胰岛各类型细胞在发育和代谢性疾病中的不同状态。目前,单细胞RNA测序技术对低丰度转录本的检测效能尚较低,但随着技术的改善和分析方法的进步,该技术无疑将成为探索胰岛细胞异质性、发育及代谢性疾病生物学特征的重要工具。After the first single-cell RNA sequencing of human islet in 2016,a large number of analysis of RNA sequencing at single-cell level on mouse and human islets emerged,which has brought new progress to the research of islet cell biology.It has been proved that single-cell RNA sequencing can characterize rare types of endocrine cells,find the cellular heterogeneity of typical endocrine cells and new cell subtypes,analyze the differences of endocrine cells among species,and describe different states of various types of islet cells in developmental processes and metabolic diseases more accurately.Although the detection efficiency of single-cell RNA sequencing for low abundance transcripts is relatively low at present,with the improvement of technology and the progress of analytical methods,this technology will undoubtedly become a powerful tool to explore the cellular heterogeneity,development,and biological characteristics of metabolic diseases.

关 键 词：胰岛 细胞生物学 单细胞RNA测序 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学] R619+.6[医药卫生—临床医学] R364.5