掘进机截割卸压岩体时截齿力学特性研究  

Study on mechanical properties of roadheader’s picks when cutting pressure-relief rocks

作　　者：张强[1,2] 张润鑫[2] 王禹 ZHANG Qiang;ZHANG Runxin;WANG Yu(Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China;Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学,山东青岛266590 [2]辽宁工程技术大学,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2020年第11期34-43,共10页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1810119,51774161,51804151);山东省泰山学者工程资助项目(tsqn201909113)。

摘　　要：钻孔卸压是提高在高地应力作用下深部岩体掘进效率的主要措施,钻孔卸压后岩体产生应力转移、强度劣化且在岩体内部呈非线性分布,导致岩体的掘进特性发生变化。为保证对钻孔卸压岩石的快速高效掘进,基于有限元分析软件研究不同参数作用对钻孔卸压岩体掘进效率的影响。研究结果表明:在地应力为50 MPa的工作环境下,截割角度为30°时,截齿受到高地应力的持续作用,受力较大,不适于对卸压岩石的掘进;截割角度为45°、60°时截齿三向受力明显减小,且随着截割参数的变化,截齿受力变化率在8%~54%,截割参数配比对截齿力学特性有较大影响,其中最佳掘进参数为截割角度60°、截割速度2 m/s、截割深度0.07 m;多齿模拟中截齿间距为0.075 m时,截齿受力最小,且同步截割截齿在X向和Z向受力最大特征值均小于异步截割截齿受力特征值,同步截割掘进效率高于异步截割。研究结果为高地应力卸压岩石非爆式机械化连续开采提供理论依据。With the deepening of coal mining,borehole unloading has become the main measure to improve the efficiency of deep rock excavation under high in-situ stress.After borehole unloading,the rock produces stress transfer,strength deterioration and non-linear distribution inside the rock mass,resulting in changes in the excavation characteristics of the rock mass.In order to ensure the rapid and efficient excavation of the unloaded rock in the borehole,ABAQUS finite element analysis software has been used to study the influence of different parameters on the excavation efficiency of the unloaded rock in the borehole.The results show that under the working conditions of 50 MPa in-situ stress,cutting angle of 30°,the pick is continuously affected by high ground stress,and the force is large,which is not suitable for excavation of unloading rock;when the cutting angle is 45°and 60°,the three-directional force of the pick is significantly decreased,and with the change of cutting parameters,the rate of force change of the cutting teeth is between 8%and 54%,indicating that the ratio of cutting parameters had a great impact on the mechanical properties of the pick.The optimal tunneling parameters are cutting angle of 60°,cutting speed of 2 m/s,cutting depth of 0.075 m.In the multi-tooth simulation,when the spacing between the cutting teeth is 0.075 m,the force on the cutting teeth is the minimum,and the maximum characteristic values of the multi-tooth synchronous cutting teeth in X and Z directions are smaller than the stress characteristic values of the asynchronous cutting teeth,and the driving efficiency of synchronous cutting is higher than that of asynchronous cutting.The above research results can effectively reduce the difficulty of rock crushing under high ground stress unloading and improve the tunneling efficiency.

关 键 词：卸压岩石 快速掘进 单截齿 多截齿 力学特性 

分 类 号：TD231[矿业工程—矿井建设]