水稻秸秆生物质炭输入对桃园土壤氮素淋失的抑制作用  

Inhibition of rice straw biochar input on soil nitrogen leaching in peach orchard

作　　者：褚长彬[1] 赵峥[1] 周德平[1] 姜震方[1] 吴淑杭[1] CHU Changbin;ZHAO Zheng;ZHOU Deping;JIANG Zhenfang;WU Shuhang(Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2020年第6期91-97,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农委项目[沪农科推字(2018)第1-6号];国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201408-5)。

摘　　要：添加不同质量比例的水稻秸秆生物质炭(0、1%、2%、4%、8%)于桃园土壤中,采用室内土柱模拟淋溶方法探讨生物质炭对桃园土壤淋溶液体积、pH、电导率以及NH+4-N和NO-3-N淋失量的影响。结果表明:水稻秸秆生物质炭能够减少桃园土壤淋溶液的体积,提高其保水能力,并且可以不同程度地提高桃园土壤淋溶液的pH和电导率。水稻秸秆生物质炭添加量2%(T2)的处理显著减少了土壤NH+4-N和NO-3-N的淋失量,比对照分别减少11.9%和24.6%;添加量4%(T3)处理的NH+4-N淋失量比对照高出96.3%;添加量8%(T4)处理的土壤NO-3-N淋失量比对照高出10.4%。总的来说,桃园土壤施入2%的水稻秸秆生物质炭能减少氮素淋失,而过量施用生物质炭将增加氮素淋失,不利于土壤氮素的保持。Different mass ratio(0,1%,2%,4%,8%)of rice straw biochar was added to the peach orchard soil,and the effects of biochar on leaching solution volume,pH,electrical conductivity,leaching loss of NH+4-N and NO-3-N of peach orchard soil were studied by indoor soil column simulation leaching method.The results showed that rice straw biochar could reduce the leaching solution volume of peach orchard soil,improve its water holding capacity,and improve the pH and conductivity of soil leaching solution in peach orchard.Compared with the control,the leaching loss of NH+4-N and NO-3-N decreased significantly by 11.9%and 24.6%respectively in T2 treatment(addition amount 2%);while the leaching loss of NH+4-N was 96.3%higher in T3 treatment(addition amount 4%)and the leaching loss of NO-3-N was 10.4%higher in T4 treatment(addition amount 8%).In general,the addition of 2%rice straw biochar in peach orchard soil could reduce nitrogen leaching loss,while excessive biochar addition would increase nitrogen leaching loss,which was not conducive to the maintenance of soil nitrogen.

关 键 词：水稻秸秆生物质炭 桃园土壤 NH+4-N NO-3-N 氮素淋失 模拟土柱 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]