基于公平视角的特大镇准公益性设施配置规则研究——以浙江省小城市试点镇为例  

Research on Configuration Rules of Quasi-Public Welfare Facilities in Mega-Towns Based on Fairness Perspective:Taking Pilot Small Cities in Zhejiang Province as Examples

作　　者：阮一晨 李王鸣[1] 王林静 RUAN Yichen;LI Wangming;WANG Linjing

机构地区：[1]浙江大学建筑工程学院 [2]浙江省城乡规划设计研究院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2020年第6期108-114,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

摘　　要：特大镇是人口规模或社会经济职能远大于一般的建制镇,这类镇具有提升自身服务设施的需求,但缺少相应的依据与指导。研究从数量公平与质量公平的角度出发,以公平指数与相关标准选取参照样本,并通过决策树C4.5算法对公共服务设施配置影响因素与配置结果进行两次拟合,推导出有效影响因子与配置规则的实现路径。基于此,以浙江省小城市培育试点镇为例进行实证研究,推导出基本配置、刚性约束及弹性约束三类规则。此外,结论有三:第一,从数量上看,矛盾停留在配置与否层面阶段,尚未抵达数量多寡层面,教育、医疗初显公平,文化体育缺置率高。第二,质量上,优质设施配备率低,主体间差异显著,有较大提升空间。第三,人口与经济要素是配置规则的主要影响要素,同时,地形、配置主体面积等要素也起到不可忽视的作用。The town is the lowest administrative unit in China’s urban system,but it is an important foothold of the country’s urban construction policy and one of the main targets of urban and rural construction practice,and has therefore attracted the attention of urban and rural planning research for a long time.The mega-town is a kind of town district with enormous population or unusual social economic function.It has urge demands to upgrade its service facilities.On the one hand,due to the prominent population and economic scale of mega towns,the basic demand for public services is much higher than that of ordinar y towns.However,such economic and social development characteristics are misaligned with the current planning standards for the town-level public services guided by unit configuration.On the other hand,in population mobility,industrial structure,and other social and economic f ields,mega-towns have played an impor tant role on attracting population,constructing productive service nodes and forming the radiation effect of general public services to the surrounding areas.Thus,enhancing public service functions and promoting the allocation of public service facilities not only suit for their own development demands,but also the basic functions that considering the status of mega-town in the urbanrural network structure.At current stage,mega-towns are facing with the dilemma that the quantity and quality of public services are difficult to match with the needs of residents.The phenomenon of“emphasizing industry production and despising life services”is prominent in previous mega-town construction practice,which has caused the mismatch of configuration and demand of public service facilities in many mega towns,the deviations of public service planning,and even the lack of some service functions.One of the main reasons for this problem is the lack of cor responding basis and scientif ic guidance.Therefore,this research star ts from the perspective of fairness in quantity and fairness of public service facil

关 键 词：公平 特大镇 配置规则 浙江省 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]