论侵权诉讼中专利无效抗辩制度的引入  

On the Introduction of Patent Invalidation Defense System in Infringement Proceeding

作　　者：钱海玲 张军强[1,2] Qian Hailing;Zhang Junqiang

机构地区：[1]天津市高级人民法院 [2]中国政法大学

出　　处：《北京政法职业学院学报》2020年第4期53-60,共8页Journal of Beijing College of Politics and Law

基　　金：最高人民法院2018-2019年度司法案例研究课题“服务创新驱动发展司法案例研究”的阶段性成果,项目批准号:2018SFAL020。

摘　　要：专利无效程序、专利无效抗辩的本质都是为了筛查、排除问题专利。现有的专利保护双轨制存审判周期长、循环诉讼等问题,应在侵权诉讼中引入专利无效抗辩制度。日本的专利无效抗辩采用相对主义模式,专利无效判决只具有个案效力,对我国具有较强的借鉴意义。采用相对主义模式可以避免与专利二元分立体制的冲突,可以提高审判效率,有助于专利案件的实质化审理。同时,技术类案件的统一管辖和上诉机制的建立,也为引入专利无效抗辩提供了良好的外部环境。因此,应当引入专利无效抗辩。在两个程序的协调上,不能以无效理由的明显性作为划分两个程序的界限;两种程序并不排斥,可以同时进行;当事人先提出无效程序,专利复审部门维持了该专利的有效性,当事人仍可以在法院提出专利无效抗辩。Patent invalidation procedure and patent invalidation defense are all aimed at screening and eliminating problematic patents.The existing dual-track patent protection system has such problems as long trial period and circular litigation,so the patent invalidation defense system should be introduced in the infringement litigation.The patent invalidation defense in Japan adopts relativism mode,and the patent invalidation judgment only has case effect,which has strong reference significance to China.The relativism model can avoid the conflict with the dual separation system of patent,improve the trial efficiency and help the substantive trial of patent cases.At the same time,the unified jurisdiction of technical cases and the establishment of the appeal mechanism also provide a good external environment for the introduction of patent invalidation defense.Therefore,the patent invalidation defense should be introduced.In the coordination of two programs,the obvious of invalid reason should not be used as the boundary of dividing the two programs.The two programs are not exclusive and can be carried out simultaneously.The party first proposes an invalid procedure,the patent reexamination department maintains the validity of the patent,and the party may still raise a defense of patent invalidation in the court.

关 键 词：专利无效抗辩 无效宣告 循环诉讼 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]