高速纺Lyocell纤维的生产工艺及结构性能  

Process and Structure Properties of Lyocell Fiber Prepared at High Spinning Speed

作　　者：张晨曦 李婷 程春祖 张明明 程敏 

机构地区：[1]中国纺织科学研究院有限公司生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《纺织导报》2020年第12期34-37,共4页China Textile Leader

摘　　要：为探索适合Lyocell纤维高速纺的工艺条件,文章使用不同孔径的喷丝板在不同气隙长度下,以400 m/min的纺速纺制Lyocell纤维,并通过XRD、声速法、双折射法以及湿摩擦测试,研究喷丝板孔径及气隙长度对高纺速下Lyocell纤维的结晶取向、力学性能、原纤化程度的影响。结果表明,随着喷丝板孔径的增大,Lyocell纤维的结晶度、晶区取向和平均取向均增大,纤维的断裂强度提高, 过高的取向度会导致Lyocell纤维的原纤化程度增加,纤维直径变异率变大,纤维质量下降,0.10 mm孔径的喷丝板更适合高速纺制Lyocell纤维。随着气隙长度的增加,纤维的断裂强度和模量有所提高,但纤维的断裂伸长率降低,适当增加气隙长度有利于提高纤维性能。To find suitable process conditions for high-speed spinning of Lyocell fibers,spinnerets with different apertures were used to spin Lyocell fibers at different air-gap lengths and 400 m/min of spinning speed.The impact of the aperture of spinneret and air-gap length on crystalline orientation,mechanical property,and fibrillation index of Lyocell fibers spun at high spinning speed were studied through XRD,sonic velocity method,birefringence anisotropic method,and wet rubbing test.Results indicated that accompanied by an increase in the aperture of spinneret,crystallinity,crystal orientation and average orientation of Lyocell fibers all increased,and the breaking strength of fibers increased as well.Excessive orientation would lead to an increase in fibrillation index,resulting in higher fiber diameter variation rate and weaker fiber quality.Spinneret with 0.10 mm aperture is suitable for high-speed spinning of Lyocell fibers.As the air-gap length increased,the strength and modulus of the fibers increased to a certain extent,but the breaking elongation of fibers dropped,so a proper increase in air-gap length could improve fiber properties.

关 键 词：高速纺 LYOCELL纤维 喷丝板孔径 气隙长度 原纤化 

分 类 号：TQ341.9[化学工程—化纤工业] TQ340.64