航天器结构变形在轨自主测量技术进展  

Progress of On-Orbit Autonomous Measurement for Spacecraft Structure Deformation

作　　者：罗为[1] 曹俊豪 卢孜筱 李红浪 李伟杰[3] LUO Wei;CAO Junhao;LU Zixiao;LI Honglang;LI Weijie(School of optics and electronic information,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;National Center for Nanoscience and Technology,Beijing 100190,China;Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学光学与电子信息学院,武汉430074 [2]国家纳米科学中心,北京100190 [3]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《无人系统技术》2020年第5期54-59,共6页Unmanned Systems Technology

摘　　要：监测航天器结构变形情况对于保障航天器可靠性有着重要意义。简要介绍了航天器结构变形测量技术进展,并对未来研究做了展望。首先,阐述了航天器结构在轨热变形、在轨健康监测和卫星天线展开三方面的变形测量需求。接着介绍了电阻应变片、摄影测量法等几种常用变形测量方式,指出这些方式在航天器结构变形测量领域的缺陷。之后详细描述了光纤布拉格光栅形变测量系统的组成和工作原理,介绍了光纤光栅传感器的优缺点,并说明其在航天结构变形测量领域能够发挥的作用。最后针对光纤布拉格光栅目前存在的一些问题和缺点,对利用光纤光栅测量航天器结构变形的研究方向给出建议。综述表明,利用光纤光栅测量航天器结构变形在现阶段是一种有效的手段,但仍需结合其他方式才能满足未来发展需求。Monitoring the structural deformation is of great significance for ensuring the reliability of the spacecraft.The progress of autonomous measurement in spacecraft structural deformation is briefly introduced.The requirements of inorbit spacecraft structure thermal deformation,spacecraft structure health monitoring and satellite antenna deploying are elaborated.Several common deformation measurement methods such as resistance strain gauge and digital photographic method are introduced and the defects of these methods are pointed out in the field of spacecraft structural deformation measurement.The composition and working principle of fiber Bragg grating(FBG)deformation measurement system are described in detail,the advantages and disadvantages of fiber Bragg grating sensors are introduced,and their functions in the field of spacecraft structural deformation measurement are explained.Some suggestions on the research direction of using FBG to measure the structural deformation of spacecraft are given in view of problems and shortcomings of fiber Bragg grating at present.The review shows that monitoring the structural deformation by fiber gratings is an effective method at this stage.But other methods should also be developed to meet future needs.

关 键 词：航天器 结构变形 应变传感器 光纤光栅传感器 卫星天线 

分 类 号：TP212.[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]