2020年7月长江洪水及水库群防洪效益分析  

Flood control benefit of reservoir group in Changjiang River flood,2020

作　　者：冯宝飞 许银山 陈桂亚[2] FENG Baofei;XU Yinshan;CHEN Guiya(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010 [2]水利部长江水利委员会,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第12期88-93,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405400);三峡水库科学调度关键技术研究项目(SXSN/4578)。

摘　　要：2020年6~7月,长江流域暴雨频发,干支流洪水严重遭遇,莲花塘至大通江段洪峰水位列有实测记录以来的第2~5位,马鞍山至镇江江段潮位超历史,防洪形势严峻。为减轻长江中下游防洪压力,长江流域上中游水库群配合三峡水库开展联合防洪调度,7月洪水期间,合计拦蓄洪量约300亿m 3。以长江流域洪水作业预报方案体系为基础,采用多方法综合模拟,对长江上中游水库群拦蓄过程进行还原分析,并与历史典型年洪水还原成果进行对比分析。结果表明:2020年莲花塘、汉口江段洪峰水位较1998年偏低、较2016年偏高;水库群联合防洪调度明显降低了长江中下游干流水位,防洪调度效益显著。In June and July 2020,heavy rain occurred frequently in the Changjiang River basin,and the flood of the main stream and tributaries of Changjiang River seriously encountered.The flood peak water level from Lianhuatang to Datong section listed the second to fifth since the measured records,the tidal level from Ma'anshan to Zhenjiang wection exceeded history,the flood control situation was severe.In order to reduce the flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjing River,we carried out joint flood control operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir with the cooperation of reservoir group in the upper and middle reaches of Changjiang River.During the flood season in July,the reservoir groups intercepted about 30 billion m3 flood.We carried a reduction analysis on the storage process of reservoir groups on the upper and middle reaches of Changjiang River based on the flood operation forecast scheme system of the Changjiang River basin and multi-method comprehensive simulating,and compared the reduction analysis results with the ones of historical typical floods.The results show that the reductive flood level of Lianhuatang and Hankou section in 2020 were lower than that of 1998 and higher than that of 2016.Through the joint flood control operation of reservoir groups,the water level of the main stream in the middle and lower reaches of the Changjiang River was obviously reduced,and the benefit of flood control operation was remarkable.

关 键 词：长江洪水 水库群联合防洪调度 三峡水库 长江流域 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程]