瀑布沟水库在岷江“20·8”洪水中的防洪作用分析  

Analysis of flood control effect of Pubugou Reservoir during"20·8"flood of Minjiang River

作　　者：贺玉彬 徐雨妮 张俊 HE Yubin;XU Yuni;ZHANG Jun(CHN Energy Dadu River Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd,Chengdu 610041,China;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团国电大渡河流域水电开发有限公司,四川成都610041 [2]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第12期149-154,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779176)。

摘　　要：2020年8月,岷江流域发生极端性强降雨过程,瀑布沟水库出现建库以来最大入库流量6990 m 3/s,瀑布沟以下区间来水达到历史极值。从2020年8月大渡河流域暴雨洪水的水雨情发展过程、洪水组成与量级、洪水还原计算等方面,剖析了该场暴雨洪水的特性、量化了以瀑布沟水库为核心的大渡河水库群联合调度对缓解大渡河及岷江中下游防洪压力的作用。结果表明:①2020年8月大渡河降雨主要集中在泸定以下区域,且具有降雨集中、极端性强的特点;②“20·8”大渡河洪水呈现过程多、洪峰量级大、干支流来水遭遇、流量涨势猛、区间洪水突出的特点;③以瀑布沟水库为核心的水库群充分发挥拦洪错峰作用,成功将大渡河中下游峨边、铜街子等断面超100 a一遇特大洪水削减为一般洪水,保障了成昆铁路、乐山城区和岷江下游的防洪安全;④瀑布沟水库在为本流域拦洪削峰的同时,兼顾川渝河段的防洪需求,拦蓄洪量占寸滩站以上水库拦蓄总量的8.4%,有效缓解了川渝河段的防洪压力。In August 2020,extremely heavy rainfall occurred in the Minjiang River Basin,and the maximum inflow(6990 m 3/s)of Pubugou Reservoir occurred since the reservoir construction,and the flow below Pubugou Reservoir also reached the historical extreme value.In order to study the development characteristics of the rainstorm and flood and the effect of Daduhe River cascade reservoir group in the flood control process,we studied the flood development process,flood composition and magnitude,flood reduction analysis and so on,analyzed the characteristics of the heavy rain and flood,and quantified the effect of joint operation of Daduhe Reservoir group with the Pubugou Reservoir as a core on relieving flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches of the Daduhe River and Minjiang River.The results showed that:①The rainfall on the Dadu River in August 2020 was mainly distributed in the lower reaches of Luding,and had the characteristics of high concentration and strong intensity.②The flood of"20·8"of Daduhe River presented the characteristics of many processes,large flood peak magnitude,the encounter of mainstream and tributaries,fierce rising trend of flow and outstanding interval flood volume.③The cascade reservoir group,with the core of Pubugou Reservoir,played an important role in flood control,and ensured the safety of Chengdu-Kunming railway,Leshan urban area and the lower reaches of Minjiang River,in addition,decreased the magnitude of flood peak from 100-year return period to normal magnitude for Ebian and Tongjiezi sections in the lower reaches of Dadu River.④Considering the flood control demands of Sichuan and Chongqing reaches,the Pubugou reservoir impounded the flood accounting for 8.4%of the total amount impounded by the reservoirs in the upstream of Cuntan station,which effectively alleviated the flood control pressure of Sichuan and Chongqing reaches.

关 键 词：防洪作用 防洪调度 瀑布沟水库 岷江 大渡河 2020年长江洪水 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程]