低氧锻炼减控体重效果:基于随机对照实验的meta分析  

Effects of hypoxic exercise reduce or control weight:a meta-analysis based on RCTs

作　　者：吕中凡[1,2] 史鹏 刘杨婷 LÜZhongfan;SHI Peng;LIU Yangting(School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;Sports Human Science Key Laboratory of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116029, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学体育学院,辽宁大连116029 [2]辽宁省运动人体科学实验室,辽宁大连116029

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第4期558-569,共12页Journal of Liaoning Normal University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：低氧锻炼作为一种新兴减控超重/肥胖人群体重方法存在严重分歧,亟待进行合并效应分析.通过严格的纳入与排除标准,纳入22项RCT研究进行meta分析.主效应检验显示低氧锻炼对体重、BMI、BFR和体脂含量有着更显著的干预效果(P<0.05),而在改善脂质代谢和血压效果上与常氧锻炼不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).亚组分析认为在1900~2500 m的海拔高度运动锻炼降低体重和BMI的效果要优于2500~3500 m的海拔高度;在1900~2500 m的海拔高度运动锻炼降低BFR和体脂含量的效果要显著好于2500~3500 m的海拔高度(P<0.05);在1900~2500 m的海拔高度运动锻炼干预TG的效果要显著好于2500~3500 m的海拔高度(P<0.05);在TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、SBP和DBP上,在不同海拔高度下进行运动锻炼与常氧锻炼相比均不存在显著性差异(P>0.05).Egger’s线性回归分析显示在体重、BMI、BER中,发表偏倚较为明显,低氧锻炼减控体重效果显著,在已发表文献中多呈现阳性结果;而在体脂含量、TC、TG、HDL-C、SBP、DBP中不存在发表偏倚,说明低氧锻炼效果存在严重争议,尚需继续进行研究.纳入研究的敏感性分析认为数据稳健、可靠,不存在敏感性问题.低氧锻炼改善超重/肥胖人群身体成分具有良好的效果,且在海拔高度为1900~2500 m锻炼效果最佳,而在低氧锻炼改善脂质代谢和血压的效果上应继续进行实证研究和系统评价.Hypoxic exercise,as an emerging method to reduce and control the weight of overweight/obese people,has serious differences,and a combined effect analysis is urgently needed.Through strict inclusion and exclusion criteria,22 RCT studies were included for meta-analysis.The main effect test showed that hypoxic exercise had a more significant intervention effect on body weight,BMI,BFR and body fat content(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference from normoxic exercise in improving lipid metabolism and blood pressure(P>0.05).Subgroup analysis suggests that exercise at 1900~2500 m above sea level can reduce weight and BMI better than 2500~3500 m above sea level;exercise at 1900~2500 m above sea level can reduce BFR and body fat content significantly.At altitudes of 2500~3500 m(P<0.05);the effects of exercise training intervention on TG at altitudes of 1900~2500 m are significantly better than at altitudes of 2500~3500 m(P<0.05);at TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,SBP On DBP,there was no significant difference between exercise training at different altitudes and normoxic exercise(P>0.05).Egger’s linear regression analysis showed that the publication bias was more obvious in weight,BMI,and BER,and the effect of hypoxic exercise on weight control was significant,and positive results were reported in published literature;while in body fat content,TC,TG,HDL-C There are no publication biases in SBP,SBP,and DBP,indicating that the effects of hypoxic exercise are seriously controversial,and further research is needed.The sensitivity analysis included in the study considered that the data were robust and reliable,and there were no sensitivity issues.Hypoxic exercise has a good effect on improving the body composition of overweight/obese people,and the best exercise is at an altitude of 1900~2500 m.Empirical research and systematic evaluation should be continued on the effect of hypoxic exercise on improving lipid metabolism and blood pressure.

关 键 词：低氧锻炼 减肥 身体成分 脂质代谢 血压 低氧暴露 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]