基于肿瘤微环境构建纳米药物的研究进展  

Tumor microenvironment mediated nanodrug:a review

作　　者：吕程亮 张帆 魏炜[2] 谢海燕[1] L Chengliang;ZHANG Fan;WEI Wei;XIE Haiyan(School of Life Science,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学生命学院,北京100081 [2]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《生物加工过程》2020年第6期799-805,共7页Chinese Journal of Bioprocess Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大项目(2018ZX10301405-001);国家自然科学基金(91859123)。

摘　　要：肿瘤微环境在肿瘤的发生和发展过程中发挥着至关重要的作用,越来越多的研究致力于开发可调节或响应肿瘤微环境的药物,但它们存在靶向性差、性质不稳定、生物利用度低等问题,难以最大程度发挥治疗效果。随着纳米技术的飞速发展,基于肿瘤微环境设计的纳米药物在抗肿瘤治疗中受到了广泛关注:一方面可通过响应肿瘤微环境,赋予纳米药物更多功能(如药物可控释放、肿瘤组织深部渗透等),提升抗肿瘤疗效;另一方面可通过调节肿瘤微环境,破坏肿瘤细胞生长所需的"土壤"(如肿瘤基质细胞、肿瘤细胞外基质等),高效抑制肿瘤生长。本文综述了近年来基于肿瘤微环境构建纳米药物的思路及其应用,并对存在的问题进行系统探讨,以期为纳米药物的设计提供指导性参考。Tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of tumors.More and more researchers are devoted to the development of drugs that can regulate or respond to tumor microenvironment.However,these drugs face some challenges,such as poor targeting,instability and low bioavailability,limiting the therapeutic effect.With the rapid development of nanotechnology,nanodrugs based on tumor microenvironment have received wide attention in anti-tumor therapy in recent years.On one hand,such treatment can increase the function of nanodrugs(controlled drug release,deep penetration)and correspondingly improve the efficacy by responding to tumor microenvironment.On the other hand,such treatment can destroy the"soil"(tumor stromal cell,tumor extracellular matrix)to inhibit tumor growth by modulating tumor microenvironment.We reviewed the design and applications of nanodrugs based on tumor microenvironment,and the existing problems were also systematically discussed to provide a guiding reference for the design of nanodrugs.

关 键 词：肿瘤微环境 纳米药物 响应型策略 调节型策略 抗肿瘤治疗 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程]