时变子波提取及其在地震资料智能处理中的应用  

Time-varying wavelet extraction and its application in intelligent processing of seismic data

作　　者：戴永寿[1] 张鹏[2] 万勇[1] 孙伟峰[1] 张彧豪 韩浩宇 吴莎莎 DAI Yongshou;ZHANG Peng;WAN Yong;SUN Weifeng;ZHANG Yuhao;HAN Haoyu;WU Shasha(College of Oceanography and Space Informatics in China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China;College of Control Science and Engineering in China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)海洋与空间信息学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油大学(华东)控制科学与工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第6期28-35,共8页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41974144);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(20CX05003A);中国石油天然气集团公司重大科技项目(ZD2019-183-003)。

摘　　要：利用智能信息处理技术,研究时变子波提取及其在地震资料智能处理中的应用。首先提出采用互补集合经验模态分解和极零点配置方法,分别估计子波振幅谱与相位谱,从而实现时变地震子波的准确提取。然后基于稀疏表示理论构建复杂噪声干扰下的叠后非平稳反褶积目标函数,利用提取的子波与分裂Bregman迭代法反演反射系数序列。最后研究时变子波在叠前偏移成像中的应用方法,并验证基于时变子波的地震资料智能处理技术在实际地震数据处理方面的有效性。结果表明基于稀疏表示的叠后非平稳反褶积方法在复杂噪声干扰下反演反射系数序列,提高地震资料的分辨率;通过准确估计震源子波,拓宽叠前资料频带,能更加真实地反映地层结构,进一步提高成像精度。The vertical resolution of seismic data is greatly affected by time-varying seismic wavelets.Time-varying wavelet extraction and its application in intelligent processing of seismic data isinitially established by making full use of the rapidly developing intelligent information processing method.Firstly,complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition and pole-zeros reconfiguration are proposed to estimate the wavelet amplitude and phase spectra,respectively,so that time-varying wavelets are accurately extracted.Then,a post-stack non-stationary deconvolution objective function under complex noise interference is constructed based on the sparse representation theory,and the split Bregman iterative is adopted to invert for the reflection coefficient sequence.Finally,the application of time-varying wavelets in prestack migration imaging is investigated,and the effectiveness of seismic data intelligent processing based on time-varying wavelets is verified.The results demonstrate that,the post stack nonstationary deconvolution method based on sparse representation can invert for the reflection coefficient sequence under the interference of complex noise,and can subsequently improve the resolution of seismic data.By accurately estimating the source wavelet and broadening the frequency band of prestack data,it can more accuratly reflect the stratum structure and further improve the imaging accuracy.

关 键 词：时变地震子波 叠后反褶积 叠前偏移 智能信息处理 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]