新中国成立以来我国搏击运动员管理制度的演变、困境与优化  

Evolution,Dilemma and Optimization of Chinese Fighter Management System of since the Founding of P.R.C

作　　者：王海峰 鲍善军[2] 叶伟[3] 李士英[4] WANG Haifeng;BAO Shanjun;YE Wei(Sports Dept.of Northwest A&F Univ.,Xianyang 712100,China;School of Sports Training,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China;Teaching&Research Office of Fighting,Capital Inst.of P.E.,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学体育部,陕西咸阳712100 [2]武汉体育学院运动训练学院,湖北武汉430079 [3]首都体育学院搏击教研室,北京100191 [4]北京体育大学武术学院,北京100084

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2020年第12期95-100,共6页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学基金西部项目(17XJC890002);国家社会科学基金项目(20BTY100);国家体育总局武术研究院重点课题(WSH2019A001);北京市社会科学基金研究基地项目(16JDYTB010)。

摘　　要：在贯彻国务院指导意见、全面推进体育治理能力现代化、实施体育强国战略的背景下,运用文献资料、专家访谈等方法,回溯、阐释、探讨了我国搏击运动员管理制度的演进历程、现实困境、优化路径。我国搏击运动员管理制度的发展分为借鉴与初创(1950-1979年)、及时制定与针对补充(1980-1992年)、逐步细化与亟待完善(1993年至今)三个阶段,经历了“空白援引-初具雏形-具体有形-全面深入”的演变过程。运动员违规行为难以监管、身体难以保护、利益难以保障是我国搏击运动员管理制度的现实困境。在考察美国经验的基础上,提出建立搏击运动员数据库、法定出场费的标准、合理制定身体状况评价指标体系和科学评估检测结果等措施来实现我国搏击运动员管理制度的优化。Under the background of implementing the guidance of the State Council,of comprehensively promoting the modernization of sports governance,and of building China into a sports power,the evolution,dilemma,and optimization of the Chinese fighter management system were studied through literature review and expert interview.The management system had gone through three historical periods:initial stage(1950-1979),timely formulation and supplementary stage(1980-1992),gradual refinement and urgent improvement stage(1993-present).The management system started from zero and developed into comprehensive and complete one.The dilemmas included difficulty to supervise athletes violating regulations,protection of their bodies and interests.Based on the experience and practices of management system of the United States,it was proposed that a database of fighters should be built,attendance fees should be regulated,reasonable physical condition evaluation index system and scientific evaluation of the test resultsshould be built.

关 键 词：搏击运动员 搏击项目 运动员管理 管理制度 竞技体育职业化 

分 类 号：G852.4[文化科学—民族体育] G886.1[文化科学—体育学]