不同矿物源药剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌室内防效评价  

Evaluation the control effects of different mineral sources on apple Alternaria blotch

作　　者：丁辉 李丽 张树武 徐秉良 武娜娜 刘佳 DING Hui;LI Li;ZHANG Shu-wu;XU Bing-liang;WU Na-na;LIU Jia(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Gansu Province Crop Diseases and Pests Biological Control Engineering Laboratory,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2020年第6期111-116,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201100);甘肃省高校科研项目-产业支撑引导子课题(2019C-11-1);甘肃省国际科技合作专项(1604WKCA010);甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW2013-19)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选低毒且不易产生抗药性的矿物源药剂.【方法】试验采用菌落生长速率法和离体叶片接种法,测定了4种矿物源药剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制作用和对离体叶片的保护效果.【结果】4种矿物源药剂对苹果斑点落叶病菌生长均具有一定的抑制作用.处理后第5天,当氧化亚铜质量浓度为0.17μg/mL时对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制效果最好,抑菌率高达93.38%;氢氧化铜和波尔多液抑制效果次之;硫酸铜钙效果最差,其质量浓度为1.28μg/mL时抑制率为81.22%.离体叶片试验结果表明,氧化亚铜保护效果最佳,处理10 d后对苹果斑点落叶病保护效果高达92.35%.【结论】综合4种药剂对菌落的抑制效果和对离体叶片的保护效果,氧化亚铜可作为防治苹果斑点落叶病的最佳矿物源药剂.【Objective】In order to screen low toxic and resistant mineral source agents.【Method】The growth rate of colony and the inoculation of leaves were used to determine the inhibition effect of four mineral agents on the pathogen of apple leaf spot and the protective effect on leaves.【Result】The four kinds of mineral agents had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of apple leaf spot pathogen.On the 5 th day after treatment,when the concentration of cuprous oxide was 0.17μg/mL,the inhibition effect was the best,and the inhibition rate was 93.38%.The inhibition effect of cupric hydroxide and Bordeaux solution was the second,and the effect of cupric sulfate calcium was the worst,the inhibition effect was 81.22%when its mass concentration was 1.28μg/mL.The protective effect of cuprous oxide showed the best on apple leaf spot,which was 92.35%after 10 days of treatment.【Conclusion】The cuprous oxide could be used as the best mineral source agent to control apple leaf spot.

关 键 词：苹果斑点落叶病菌 矿物源药剂 菌落生长 离体接种 保护效果 

分 类 号：S436.611[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]