鄂尔多斯高原西部降水量变化特征分析——以鄂托克旗为例  

Analysis of precipitation change characteristics in Western Ordos Plateau——Taking Etuoke Banner as an example

作　　者：高凌智 李彬[2,3] 史海滨 戚迎龙[1,2,3] 徐昭 刘美含 贾琼[1] GAO Ling-zhi;LI Bin;SHI Hai-bin;QI Ying-long;XU Zhao;LIU Mei-han;JIA Qiong(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Institute of Resources and Environment and Testing Technology,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China;Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of High-efficiency Water-saving Technology Equipment and Water and Soil Environment Effects,Hohhot 010018,China;CEER-Biosystems Engineering,Institute of Agronomy,Technical University of Lisbon,Tapada da Ajuda,,Lisbon1349-017,Portugal)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031 [3]高效节水技术装备与水土环境效应内蒙古自治区工程研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [4]葡萄牙里斯本科技大学农学院农业工程系,里斯本1349-017

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2020年第6期150-159,共10页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题“干旱风沙草原区高效节水灌溉技术研究与集成应用”(2016YFC0400305)。

摘　　要：【目的】探求鄂尔多斯高原西部降水量的变化特征.【方法】根据鄂托克旗气象站1961~2018年(58 a)的逐日降水观测数据,运用线性倾向估计法、Mann-Kendall突变检验法、累积距平法和小波分析法对研究区的降水量变化特征进行了分析.【结果】鄂尔多斯高原西部1961~2018年年降水量总体呈上升趋势,降水量以1.2 mm/10a的速率增加;春季、秋季和冬季降水量分别以1.3 mm/10a、2.0 mm/10a和0.4 mm/10a的速率增加,夏季降水量以2.5 mm/10a的速率减少.研究区年降水量在1989年发生突变,春季和夏季、秋季、冬季降水量分别在2001年、2008年、1970年发生突变.年降水量存在着25 a、12 a、19 a和5 a的第一、第二、第三和第四主周期变化,各季节同样存在着多个时间尺度的周期变化.【结论】根据不同时间尺度的主周期变化,该区未来几年将进入降水量偏丰时期,据此可适当调整区域主栽作物紫花苜蓿的灌溉制度,以达到合理的利用水资源的目的.【Objective】In order to explore the precipitation change characteristics in the western Ordos Plateau.【Method】The precipitation change characteristics in the study area was analyzed based on the daily precipitation observation data from 1961 to 2018(58 a)weather station of Etuoke Banner,used the linear tendency estimation method,Mann-Kendall mutation test method,cumulative anomaly method and wavelet analysis method.【Result】The annual precipitation in the western Ordos Plateau from 1961 to 2018 generally showed an upward trend,and the precipitation increased at a rate of 1.2 mm/10 a.The increasing rate of spring,autumn and winter precipitation were 1.3 mm/10 a,2.0 mm/10 a and 0.4 mm/10 a,respectively;however,the summer precipitation decreased at a rate of 2.5 mm/10 a.The annual precipitation in the study area changed in 1989,and the precipitation of the spring and summer changed in 2001,and the precipitation of the autumn changed in 2008,and the winter changed in 1970.There are first,second,third,and fourth main cycle variations of 25 a,12 a,12 a,19 a and 5 a in annual precipitation.There are also periodic changes in multiple time scales in each season.【Conclusion】It is suggested that in the next few years,the study area will enter a period of abundant precipitation.The irrigation system of the main crop alfalfa in the region can be adjusted appropriately to achieve the purpose of rational use of water resources.

关 键 词：鄂尔多斯高原西部 降水量变化特征 Mann-Kendall突变检验法 累积距平法 小波分析法 紫花苜蓿 

分 类 号：S161.6[农业科学—农业气象学]