青海托勒山白唇鹿秋季栖息地的选择  

Autumn habitat selection by White-lipped deer in autumn in Tuole Mountain in Qinghai Province

作　　者：张寒 王建柱 罗遵兰[2] ZHANG Han;WANG Jian-zhu;LUO Zun-lan(College of Biological and Pharmaceutical,Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学生物与制药学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2020年第6期160-165,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006);青海祁连区山水林田湖草生态修复试点项目“生物多样性综合检测”(2019-051)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探明影响白唇鹿秋季栖息地选择的生态因子,为青海祁连山区白唇鹿的保护与管理提供科学依据.【方法】2019年8~10月份,在青海托勒山沿白唇鹿的主要通道及活动区域设置6条调查路线、125个调查样方,采用痕迹检验法调查了植被类型等9个生态因子.用Vanderloeg选择系数、Scavia选择指数和主成分分析法研究白唇鹿秋季生境选择的影响因子.【结果】植被类型、草本植物覆盖度、海拔高度、坡向和坡位是影响白唇鹿选择栖息地的主要因子.主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分累积贡献率高达93.78%.【结论】海拔4000~4500 m、半阴半阳坡地、下坡位的高寒草甸和高寒灌丛是白唇鹿选择的最佳栖息地.【Objective】To investigate the ecological factors affecting the habitat selection of white-lipped deer and provide scientific basis for the protection and management of white-lipped deer.【Method】Six survey routes and 125 investigation sites in main passageway and active area of white-lipped deer in Tuole Mountain in Qinghai Province in autumn were selected,and the nine ecological factors were investigated,involving vegetation type,altitude,slope gradient,slope position,slope aspect,hidden conditions,plants cover,the distance to water resource and disturbance by using trace inspection way.Used Vanderloeg selection coefficient,Scavia selection index and principal component analysis(PCA)to study the factors that influence the habitat selection of white-lipped deer in autumn.【Result】The vegetation type,plants cover,altitude,slope position and slope aspect were the main factors of habitat selection of white-lipped deer.The white-lipped deer preferred to select the alpine meadow with the altitude of 4000~4500 m,slope gradient<20°,medium slope position,half-sunny slope and the plant cover>20%,other factors were not obvious influence function.The results of PCA showed that the accumulative contribution rate of the first five principal components were 93.78%.【Conclusion】The best habitat for white-lipped deer is alpine meadow and alpine shrub at 4000~4500 m altitude,half-shade and half-sunny slope,downhill alpine meadow and alpine shrub.

关 键 词：白唇鹿 栖息地选择 托勒山 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q958.11[生物学—动物学]