磁性聚氨酯泡沫的微观结构及宏观力学和声学性能  

Microstructure,Macro Mechanical and Acoustic Properties of Magnetic Polyurethane Foam

作　　者：王彩萍[1] 耿加露 王二化[2] 王晓杰[1] WANG Caiping;GENG Jialu;WANG Erhua;WANG Xiaojie(Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changzhou 213164,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changzhou College of Information Technology,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院先进制造技术研究所,江苏常州213164 [2]常州信息职业技术学院机电工程学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《材料科学与工程学报》2020年第6期934-940,1019,共8页Journal of Materials Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11572320);常州高技术重点实验室资助项目(CM20183004)。

摘　　要：采用一步全水发泡法制备添加磁性颗粒(羰基铁粉)的聚氨酯泡沫。在发泡过程中施加150mT的磁场,磁颗粒沿着外加磁场方向排列成链状有序结构,得到各向异性磁性聚氨酯泡沫(magneticpolyurethanefoams,MPFs)。磁性颗粒链结构的形成影响MPFs的微观形貌及宏观力学和声学性能。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观测MPFs的表面形貌及颗粒链结构,利用ImagePro-plus软件和统计学方法分析MPFs的微观尺寸、开孔率和闭孔率;通过电子万能试验机测定MPFs的压缩力学性能,并利用阻抗管和传递函数法测试64~6300Hz范围内MPFs的吸声性能。研究结果表明,与各向同性MPFs相比,各向异性MPFs的孔腔和泡孔直径变大,骨架长度和厚度增大,开孔率降低,闭孔率增大,流阻率减小;各向异性MPFs平行于颗粒链方向的压缩模量大于垂直于颗粒链方向的压缩模量;各向异性MPFs低频吸声性能更优,64~1000Hz内平均吸声系数最大提高了37%。Magnetic polyurethane foam(MPF)are prepared by one-step full water foaming method in mixing polyurethane foams with magnetic particles(carbonyl iron powder,CIP).During the foaming process,a magnetic field of 150 mT is applied,and the CIPs are arrayed into chain-like structure along the direction of magnetic field.As a result,anisotropic MPFs are obtained.The formed particles chains affected the microstructure,macro mechanical and acoustic properties of MPFs.The morphology of the MPFs as well as the CIP chain structures is observed conventionally.Image Pro-plus software and statistical method are employed to analyze the MPF’s microstructure size,the open pore rate and the reticulated rate.Mechanical properties of the MPFs are measured by a MTS machine through compression tests.Sound absorption coefficient of MPUFs in a frequency range of 64-6300 Hz is obtained by an impedance tube device and the transfer function method.Results show that,compared with the isotropic MPUFs,cavity and pore size,strut thickness and strut length of anisotropic MPUFs becomes large,while the open pore rate and the airflow resistivity decreases along with the reticulated rate increase.Compression modulus of anisotropic MPUFs parallel to the direction of particle chains is larger than that perpendicular to the direction of particle chains.Anisotropic MPFs has better sound absorption performance at low frequency,and the maximum sound absorption coefficient in 64-1000 Hz can be increased by 37%.

关 键 词：磁性聚氨酯泡沫 外加磁场 各向异性 微观结构 吸声性能 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]