天基光学成像系统探测效能评价方法  

An Effectiveness Evaluation Method for Space-based Optical Imaging Systems

作　　者：鲁啸天 李峰 肖变 杨雪 辛蕾 鹿明 刘志佳[3] LU Xiao-tian;LI Feng;XIAO Bian;YANG Xue;XIN Lei;LU Ming;LIU Zhi-jia(Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475000,China;DFH Satellite Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]钱学森空间技术实验室,北京100094 [2]河南大学,河南开封475000 [3]航天东方红卫星有限公司,北京100094

出　　处：《光子学报》2020年第12期138-145,共8页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：National Key Research and Development Projects(No.2016YFB0501301);National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61773383)。

摘　　要：提出了一种基于约翰逊准则和最小可分辨对比度的天基光学成像探测效能评价方法,综合考虑了目标和背景对比度、大气传输、探测器和人眼等诸多因素,引入噪声等效对比度来衡量探测器噪声水平,以对比度受限和分辨率受限联合概率衡量探测效能,定量直观地评价天基光学成像系统的探测能力.采用航空影像和GF-2卫星影像开展验证实验,航空影像中汽车的识别概率为46%,飞机的确认概率为73%,NIIRS等级为4.23;GF-2卫星影像中卡车的识别概率为67%,小型船的发现概率为63%,NIIRS等级为4.53.本文方法计算的探测概率和人眼主观判断基本一致,与NIIRS基本符合,证明了方法的有效性,为遥感光学探测系统设计和效能评价奠定基础.A novel effectiveness evaluation method was proposed based on the Johnson criteria and minimum resolvable contrast to evaluate effectiveness.In this process,target and background contrast,atmospheric transmission,detectors,and human eyes,are considered comprehensively.The noise equivalent contrast is introduced to measure the noise level of the detector,and the detection efficiency is measured by the joint probability of contrast and resolution,which can quantitatively and intuitively evaluate the detection ability of space-based optical imaging system.Verification experiments are carried out based on aerial and GF-2 satellite images.In aerial images,the recognition probability of car is 46%,the identification probability of aircraft is 73%,and the NIIRS level is 4.23;in GF-2 satellite images,the recognition probability of truck is 67%,the detection probability of small ship is 63%,and the NIIRS level is 4.53.The results show that the probability calculated by our method is basically consistent with the subjective judgment of human eyes,which is basically consistent with the NIIRS.The results prove the effectiveness of the method.Our method is of great significance to the design of space-based imaging systems and the evaluation of the on-orbit satellite detection capability.

关 键 词：最小可分辨对比度 噪声等效对比度 约翰逊准则 天基探测 光学成像 效能评价 GF-2 

分 类 号：TP753[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]