儿童喉气管狭窄重建术围手术期护理体会  

Perioperative Nursing Experience of Reconstruction of Laryngotracheal Stenosis in Children

作　　者：黄静[1] 王桂兰[1] HUANG Jing;WANG Guilan(Chil­dren's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400014)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,重庆400014

出　　处：《上海护理》2020年第12期32-35,共4页Shanghai Nursing

摘　　要：目的总结儿童喉气管狭窄重建术围手术期的护理要点,为减少并发症的发生、提高手术成功率、促使患儿康复提供参考。方法重庆医科大学附属儿童医院耳鼻喉科于2017年1月-2018年12月共收治10例喉气管狭窄患儿,回顾总结该10例患儿行喉气管狭窄重建术的围手术期护理要点,术前主要为患儿病情观察、呼吸道管理、营养供给、术前准备及宣教、心理护理;术后主要为病情观察、体位管理、保持呼吸道通畅、并发症的观察及护理、气管切开的护理、鼻饲护理、疼痛干预及出院指导。结果本组患儿手术成功9例、失败1例。通过上述护理,患儿营养不良得到改善,能耐受手术,呼吸道分泌物减少,发生相关并发症降低或发生并发症但得到有效控制,疼痛感减轻,家属掌握喉气管重建术的相关疾病护理措施。结论通过科学、规范的术前护理和术后护理,可减少儿童喉气管狭窄重建术患儿并发症的发生,促进患儿康复并提高其生活质量。Objective To summarize the perioperative nursing of reconstruction of laryngotracheal stenosis in children, and to provide a reference for reducing the occurrence of complications, improving the success rate of surgery and promoting the rehabilitation of children. Methods A total of 10 children with laryngotracheal stenosis were admitted to the Otolaryngology Department, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2018. The perioperative nursing of the 10 children who underwent the reconstruction of laryngotracheal stenosis was reviewed and summarized: disease observation, respiratory tract management, nutrition supply, preoperative preparation and education, and mental nursing before the surgery;disease observation, posture management, respiratory tract management, observation and nursing of complications, nursing of tracheotomy, nasogastric feeding nursing, pain intervention, and discharge instructions after the surgery. Results A total of 9 cases were successfully operated and 1 failed. For the children who received above nursing, they were improved from malnutrition and became surgery tolerable, with reduced respiratory secretions;the occurrence of related complications was reduced or under effective control, the pain was relieved, and their families had a good command of nursing measures for the related diseases of laryngotracheal reconstruction. Conclusion Scientific and standardized preoperative and postoperative nursing can reduce the occurrence of complications in children undergoing the reconstruction of laryngotracheal stenosis,promote their rehabilitation, and improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：儿童 喉气管狭窄 喉气管重建术 围手术期 体位护理 呼吸道管理 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]