不同育秧方式对水稻秧苗素质及产量的影响  

Seedling quality and grain yield of rice to optimized seedling raising methods

作　　者：李志翔 汤计超 吴朝晖 侯韦 吴山 卢碧林[1,3,4] LI Zhi-xiang;TANG Ji-chao;WU Zhao-hui;HOU Wei;WU Shan;LU Bi-lin(Agricultural College,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Promotion Center for Agricultural Technology of Xiangyang,Xiangyang 411000,Hubei,China;Engineering Research Center for Wetland Ecology and Agricultural Utilization,Ministry of Education,Jingzhou 434023,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disasters and Wetland Agriculture of Hubei Province,Jingzhou 434023,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]襄阳市农业技术推广中心,湖北襄阳411000 [3]湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434023 [4]涝渍灾害与湿地农业湖北省重点实验室,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第23期41-45,62,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0301301-1)。

摘　　要：为解决鄂中北稻麦轮作区水稻工厂化育秧中存在的取土困难、秧苗素质不高、根系盘结力不强以及秧苗移栽后返青迟、生长缓慢等问题,以营养土育秧机插(CK1)和传统模式水育秧人工栽插(CK2)为对照,设置麻地膜+营养土育秧机插(T1)、麻地膜+全基质化控育秧机插(T2)、麻地膜+配比基质育秧机插(T3)3种育秧模式,研究育秧方式对秧苗素质和产量的影响。结果表明,T2、T3处理的秧苗素质相对较好,移栽后分蘖速度和前期干物质积累较快,各生育期叶面积指数和SPAD值较大,单位面积有效穗数和结实率较高,产量增加,比CK1增产6.70%~6.95%,差异达显著水平;比CK2增产4.90%~5.14%,差异达显著水平。T2、T3可提高秧苗素质,增产增收。To solve the problems of soil acquisition difficulties,low quality of seedlings,weak root twisting power,late greening and slow growth after transplanting in the industrialized rice seedling raising of the rice-wheat rotation area in North Central Hubei Prov⁃ince,Specifically,three different seedling raising methods were tested to study the effect of optimized seedling raising methods on seedling quality and grain yield:bast fiber mulching film combined with nutrient soil for seedling raising and mechanical transplanting(T1),bast fiber mulching film combined with organic matrix and chemical control for seedling raising and mechanical transplanting(T2)andbast fiber mulching film combined with organic matrix and nutrient soil mixed for seedling raising and mechanical transplant⁃ing(T3).Nutrient soil for seedling raising and mechanical transplanting(CK1)and water cultivation of seedling and artificial trans⁃planting(CK2)were used as the controls.The results showed that compared with CK1,CK2 and T1 treatments,the seedlings quality of T2 and T3 treatments were higher,the tillering speed and the dry matter accumulation in the early growth stage after transplanting were faster,the leaf area index and SPAD value in each growth period were larger,andits effective panicle number,seed setting rate and grain yield increase.The grain yield of T2 and T3 treatments increased by 6.70%~6.95%compared to CK1 treatment,reaching a significant level;and increased by 4.90%~5.14%compared to CK2 treatment,reaching a significant level.The results indicated that the seedling raising methods of T2 and T3 can improve seedling quality and increase grain yield.

关 键 词：育秧方式 秧苗素质 机插水稻 产量 产量构成 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]