槟榔—平托花生间作对土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Intercrop Arachis pintoi on Soil Nutrients and Enzyme Activities in Plantations of Areca catechu L.

作　　者：颜彩缤 胡福初[1] 王彩霞 赵亚 冯学杰 李少卡 王祥和[1] 陈哲[1] 郭利军[1] 范鸿雁[1] YAN Caibin;HU Fuchu;WANG Caixia;ZHAO Ya;FENG Xuejie;LI Shaoka;WANG Xianghe;CHEN Zhe;GUO Lijun;FAN Hongyan(Institute of Tropical Fruit Trees,Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Haikou Investigation and Experiment Station of Tropical Fruit Trees,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Tree Biology/Hainan Tropical Fruit Breeding Research Center,Haikou,Hainan 571100,china)

机构地区：[1]海南省农业科学院热带果树研究所/农业农村部海口热带果树科学观测实验站/海南省热带果树生物学重点实验室/海南省热带果树育种工程技术研究中心,海南海口571100

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2020年第11期14-22,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重大科技计划项目(No.zdkj201817);农业农村部物种品种资源保护费项目(No.111821301354052033);海南省农业科学院农业科技创新专项经费项目(槟榔高效健康栽培技术、黄化症状成因分析及加工产业提质增效技术研究)。

摘　　要：研究成龄槟榔—平托花生间作后土壤养分和土壤酶活性的变化,为槟榔规范化栽培、改善土壤环境以及可持续耕作等提供理论指导。以成龄槟榔—平托花生间作槟榔园为处理,以单作槟榔园为对照,开展不同种植模式下土壤养分和土壤酶活性研究及其相关性分析。结果表明:相对于槟榔单作模式,槟榔—平托花生间作模式下不同土层的土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蛋白酶含量均较高,其中在10~20 cm土层显著增加;在10~20 cm土层的土壤养分方面,间作模式下有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效氮和速效磷较槟榔单作模式分别显著提高了30.43%、14.28%、16.98%、14.13%、180.38%;土壤酶活性方面,间作模式下10~20 cm土层土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶分别比槟榔单作模式极显著提高了108.39%、16.77%、23.73%、39.17%;土壤酶活性与土壤养分大部分呈显著或极显著正相关。成龄槟榔—平托花生间作模式能够提高土壤养分含量以及土壤酶活性,改善槟榔林下土壤肥力。The changes of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in mature plantations of arecanut(Areca catechu L.)intercropped with Arachis pintoi were analyzed in order to provide reference and guidance for the standardization of arecanut cultivation,improvement of soil environment and sustainable cultivation.Systematic study and correlation analysis of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in the mature arecanut plantations under different planting patterns were carried out.The mature arecanut plantations intercropped with A.pintoi were used as treatment with those monocultured(without intercropping)as the control.The analysis showed that the soil total organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and available phosphorus in different soil layers were higher in the mature arecanut plantations intercropped with A.pintoi,significantly higher in the soil layer of 10~20 cm than in the mature arecanut monoculture plantations.In the soil layer of 10~20 cm,the organic carbon,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available nitrogen and available phosphorus were increased significantly by 30.43%,14.28%,16.98%,14.13%and180.38%,respectively and soil invertase,catalase,neutral protease and alkaline protease in intercropping mode are significantly increased by 108.39%,16.77%,23.73%and 39.17%,respectively in the mature arecanut plantations intercropped with A.pintoi compared with those in the mature monoculture arecanut plantations.The soil enzyme activities were significantly or highly significantly positively correlated with most of the soil nutrients.In conclusion,intercropping of A.pintoi in mature arecanut plantations can improve the soil enzyme activity and the nutrient content and hence soil fertility in the mature arecanut plantations.

关 键 词：槟榔 平托花生间作 土壤养分 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S792.91[农业科学—林木遗传育种]