中非茶叶出口竞争力比较及贸易潜力分析  

Comparison of international export competitiveness and trade potential of tea between China and Africa

作　　者：许咏梅[1] 陈去非 邵钢锋 侯艳丽 周莙崧 陈建明 XU Yongmei;CHEN Qufei;SHAO Gangfeng;HOU Yanli;ZHOU Junsong;CHEN Jianming(School of economics,Zhejiang Business University,xiashacheng,Hangzhou,310018;China Chengtong International Trade Co.,Ltd.,310000;School of history,Nanjing University,210023;Zhijiang Campus of Zhejiang University,310008;Hangzhou Haikang micro image sensing technology Co.,Ltd.,311400;Southwest University of Finance and economics,610000)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学经济学院,杭州310018 [2]中国诚通国际贸易有限公司,310000 [3]南京大学历史学院,210023 [4]杭州海康微影传感科技有限公司,311400 [5]浙江大学之江校区,310008 [6]西南财经大学,610000

出　　处：《茶叶》2020年第4期191-199,共9页Journal of Tea

摘　　要：中非友谊源远流长,中非是命运共同体。中国和非洲是世界茶叶生产、贸易最重要的国家和地区。本文通过联合国商品贸易数据库、粮农组织数据库等收集到了中非茶叶出口数据、中非茶叶贸易从2008年到2018年的数据,运用竞争力测算公式,贸易引力模型,对中非茶叶出口国际市场竞争力进行了测算,在此基础上对中非茶叶贸易潜力作了估算。研究结果发现:中国与非洲茶叶出口竞争力总体来看:中国茶叶出口国际市场份额略高于非洲茶叶出口市场份额,中国茶叶出口贸易竞争力在下降,非洲茶叶贸易竞争力逐年上升,但中国茶叶出口竞争优势远远高于非洲茶叶。从非洲划分为五个区域来看,东部非洲茶叶出口市场份额和竞争力是非洲最强的区域。从细分茶类来看:中国绿茶竞争力强,中国红茶竞争力最弱。非洲肯尼亚的红茶出口竞争力最强。出口非洲茶叶贸易潜力总体来说大部分国家适度,但对传统市场如:摩洛哥、阿尔及利亚、突尼斯、毛里求斯、乍得等国贸易潜力下降,而对于北非的冈比亚、几内亚、多哥等贸易潜力在上升,中非的刚果、喀麦、隆加蓬贸易潜力在上升,南非的安哥拉和南非贸易潜力上升。China-Africa friendship has a long history. China and Africa are a community with common destiny. China and Africa are the most important countries and regions of tea production and trade in the world. In this paper, international export competitiveness and trade potential of tea between China and Africa were calculated and compared based on the data collected from the United Nations commodity trade database, FAO Database, China and Africa tea export data, China and Africa tea trade data from 2008 to 2018, using the competitiveness calculation formula and trade gravity model. The results show that the international market share of China′s tea export was slightly higher than that of African tea export market, the competitiveness of China′s tea export trade was declining, while the competitiveness of African tea trade is increasing year by year. The competitive advantage of China′s tea export was far higher than that of African tea. From the perspective of tea classification, the competitiveness of Chinese green tea is strong, while that of Chinese black tea is the weakest. The black tea export competitiveness of Kenya is the strongest. On the whole, the trade potential of tea exports is moderate in most African countries, in which the trade potential for traditional markets such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Mauritius and Chad is declining, while the trade potential of Gambia, Guinea and Togo in North Africa is increasing. The trade potential of Congo, Kamei and Longgabon in Central Africa is increasing, and the trade potential of Angola and South Africa in South Africa is increasing.

关 键 词：中国和非洲 茶叶出口 国际竞争力 贸易潜力 

分 类 号：F746.12[经济管理—国际贸易]