基于二污普数据果菜茶畜禽粪污氮承载评估  

Evaluation of Land Carrying Capacity of Livestock and Poultry Manure Nitrogen Based on the Second China Pollution Source Census Results

作　　者：刘晨峰 汪志锋 赵兴征 沈忱[4] 李松 LIU Chenfeng;WANG Zhifeng;ZHAO Xingzheng;SHEN Cheng;LI Song(Technical Centre for Soil,Agriculture Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100012,China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Beijing 100012,China;Beijing Huan′an Engineering Inspection&Test Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京100012 [2]生态环境部环境规划院,北京100012 [3]北京环安工程检测有限责任公司,北京100082 [4]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第12期2657-2664,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：第二次全国污染源普查汇总数据审核与档案整理(2019-2020年)。

摘　　要：为评估我国各省份果菜茶种植对当地畜禽粪污承载消纳能力,基于各省份果菜茶产量数据与第二次全国污染源普查结果分别核算了畜禽粪肥氮需求量和供给量,以粪肥替代化肥比率为0.4和0.5两种情景评估了各省份果菜茶种植粪肥氮承载消纳情况.结果表明:①全国果菜茶种植氮素平均需求量为358.7 kg hm^2,畜禽养殖业粪肥氮素产生量为463.3×10^4 t,供给量为277.97×10^4 t.果菜茶单位种植面积粪肥氮素供给量全国平均值为126.37 kg hm^2.②粪肥替代化肥比率为0.4时,全国果菜茶单位种植面积粪肥氮养分需求量为143.5 kg hm^2,各省份粪肥氮养分承载压力系数在0.21~2.99之间,平均值为0.78.③粪肥替代化肥比率为0.5时,全国果菜茶单位种植面积粪肥氮养分需求量为179 kg hm^2,各省份粪肥氮养分承载压力系数在0.17~2.39之间,平均值为0.63.研究显示,粪肥替代化肥比率在0.4和0.5条件下,全国大部分省份畜禽粪肥氮养分提供量未超过本区域果菜茶种植的肥料所需.各省份畜禽养殖业可提供的粪污全部用于区域内果菜茶作物施肥,全国有22个省份粪肥替代化肥的比率在0.4之内.In order to evaluate the carrying capacity of livestock and poultry manure by fruit,vegetable and tea planting,based on the results of the second China pollution source census,the demand for manure nitrogen was calculated with the production of fruit,vegetable and tea,and the supply was calculated with the survey results of the livestock and poultry breeding.The manure nitrogen supply and demand for fruit,vegetable and tea planting were evaluated with fertilizer replacement ratios of 0.4 and 0.5,respectively.The national average nitrogen demand for fruit,vegetable and tea planting was 358.7 kg hm^2,the nitrogen production of livestock and poultry breeding was 4.63 million tons,and the manure nitrogen supply was 2.78 million tons.The national average nitrogen supply of fruit,vegetable and tea planting was 126.37 kg hm^2.When the fertilizer replacement ratio was 0.4,the national manure nitrogen demand per planting area of fruit,vegetable and tea was 143.5 kg hm^2.The nitrogen carrying capacity pressure coefficient of manure was between 0.21 and 2.99,with the average value of 0.78.When the fertilizer replaced ratio was 0.5,the national manure nitrogen demand per unit planting area of fruit,vegetable and tea was 179 kg hm^2.The nitrogen carrying capacity pressure coefficient of manure was between 0.17 and 2.39,with the average value of 0.63.The results showed that the nitrogen supply of livestock manure at provincial level in most regions of China did not exceed the fertilizer requirement for fruit vegetable tea planting when the fertilizer replacement ratio was 0.4 or 0.5.When all the manure provided by livestock and poultry breeding industry was used to fertilize fruit,vegetable and tea crops in each province,the fertilizer replacement ratio in 22 provinces was within 0.4.

关 键 词：污染源普查 粪肥氮 土地承载力 畜禽养殖 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]