基于RS和GIS的峨眉山风景区生态风险评价  

Ecological Risk Assessment of Mount Emei Based on RS and GIS

作　　者：黄诗曼 胡庆武[1] 李海东 王少华 HUANG Shiman;HU Qingwu;LI Haidong;WANG Shaohua(School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学遥感信息工程学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]生态环境部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第12期2745-2751,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFD1100104)。

摘　　要：风景区的生态风险评价有助于指导其村镇建设、产业发展和实现绿色生态可持续发展.为探究峨眉山风景区生态风险分布和主要影响因素,在RS(Remote Sensing,遥感)和GIS(Geographic Information System,地理信息系统)技术支持下,以2015年土地覆盖数据为基础,结合DEM、遥感影像数据,从自然灾害和人类干扰两方面分析生态风险,依据生态风险度量原理,通过计算风险发生概率和生态易损性求得生态风险值,利用克里金插值法求得峨眉山风景区生态风险空间分布.结果表明:①峨眉山风景区综合生态风险值较小,主要受自然灾害影响,其贡献率高达89.9%;人类干扰带来的影响也不可忽视,贡献率为10.1%.自然灾害中,干旱、地质灾害对风景区的影响较大,贡献率分别为40.9%、49.3%.②峨眉山风景区综合生态风险呈条带状分布,越往东综合生态风险值越大,自然灾害风险空间分布与其基本一致.综合生态风险高风险区聚集在万年寺、清音阁、神水阁景区,景区东部黄湾乡旅游镇属于人文风险高风险区.研究显示,峨眉山风景区综合生态风险主要受到自然灾害影响,存在带状分异的空间规律.The ecological risk assessment of scenic areas is helpful to guide the town construction and industrial development,which is important to the realization of sustainable development.To explore the ecological risk distribution and major influencing factors of Mount Emei,this paper proposes an effective risk assessment method based on RS(Remote Sensing)and GIS(Geographic Information System)technologies.Specifically,the proposed method combines the 2015 land cover data and other remote sensing data such as DEM and images to analyze the ecological risks from two aspects:natural disasters and human disturbance.First,the ecological risk values are calculated based on the probability of risk occurrence and ecological vulnerability according to the principle of ecological risk measurement.Then,the spatial distribution map of ecological risk in Mount Emei is obtained by using Kriging interpolation.The results show that:(1)The comprehensive ecological risk of the Mount Emei is relatively small.The main influencing factor is nature disasters,with a contribution rate is up to 89.9%.The impact of human interference cannot be ignored,i.e.,the contribution rate is 10.1%.Among natural disasters,drought and geological disasters have a greater impact on scenic spots,with contribution rates of 40.9%and 49.3%,respectively.(2)The comprehensive ecological risk in the Mount Emei is distributed in a strip pattern.The more eastward,the greater the comprehensive ecological risk.Moreover,the spatial distribution of natural risks is almost the same.The high-risk areas of comprehensive ecological risk are clustered in Wannian Temple,Qingyin Pavilion and Shenshui Pavilion scenic spots.Huangwan Township in the eastern part belongs to the high-risk humanistic risk area.The research shows that the comprehensive ecological risks of Mount Emei are mainly affected by natural disasters,and there is a spatial law of zonal differentiation.

关 键 词：生态风险评价 峨眉山 遥感(RS) 地理信息系统(GIS) 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]