公路隧道竖井-集热棚-烟囱三段式自然通风节能模型及应用  

Energy Saving Model of Three-section Natural Ventilationfor Shaft-collecting Shed-chimney of Highway Tunnel and Its Application

作　　者：郑晅[1] 郭大伟 李雪[1] ZHENG Xuan;GUO Da-wei;LI Xue(School of Electronic and Control Engineering,Chang an University,Xi'an710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学电子与控制工程学院,西安710064

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2020年第33期13872-13880,共9页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2018A03003-6);浙江省交通运输厅科研计划(2018014);西安市科技计划(201805045YD2-3CG29)。

摘　　要：为了降低公路隧道通风费用,实现隧道运营节能,自然风的利用是隧道通风发展的方向。但是由于自然风向随机,并且不能准确确定风量大小,隧道自然风的有效利用率低。为了加强公路隧道竖井自然通风的效果,控制竖井口自然风风向,实现隧道通风节能,设计了一种竖井-集热棚-烟囱的三段式自然风增强模型。利用数值模拟的方法,分析太阳能烟囱不同温度下,太阳能烟囱内部不同位置的温度、压力和风速分布情况,从而确定自然风向。结果表明:在太阳能烟囱的不同温度下,设计的三段式太阳能烟囱的通风量与集热棚-烟囱的温度差线性相关,并且环境温度越高,线性相关性越强。在环境温度低于15℃时,太阳能烟囱的风向保持向上,起到抽吸的作用。根据该模型的设计思想,陕西省雷家坡一号隧道建成了太阳能烟囱自然风通风系统,观测数据表明该通风系统可以补充隧道机械动力通风,为黄土高原及类似地形地区公路隧道的自然风利用提供借鉴意义。In order to reduce the cost of highway tunnel ventilation and save energy in tunnel operation,the utilization of natural wind is the development direction of tunnel ventilation.However,due to the randomness of natural wind direction and the uncertainty of air volume,the effective utilization rate of natural wind in tunnel is low.In order to enhance the effect of the natural ventilation of the shaft,control the natural wind direction in the shaft,and to save energy in tunnel ventilation,a three-stage natural wind enhancement model of the shaft-collecting shed-chimney was designed.By using the numerical simulation method,the temperature,pressure and wind speed distribution in different positions of the solar chimney under different temperatures were analyzed as to determine the natural wind direction.The results show that under different temperatures of the solar chimney,the ventilation capacity of the three-stage solar chimney is linearly related to the temperature difference between the collector and the chimney.And the higher the ambient temperature is,the stronger the linear correlation is.When the ambient temperature is lower than 15℃,the wind direction of the solar chimney keeps upward and plays the role of suction.Based on the design concept of the model,the solar chimney natural wind ventilation system was built in No.1 Tunnel of Leijiapo,Shaanxi Province.The observation data shows that the ventilation system can supplement the mechanical dynamic ventilation of the tunnel.This provides reference for the natural wind utilization of highway tunnels in the Loess Plateau and similar terrain areas.

关 键 词：公路隧道竖井 自然通风 太阳能烟囱 数值模拟 运营需风量 

分 类 号：U459.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]