铜陵市社区居家养老老年人跌倒预防知识需求及跌倒风险影响因素研究  

A Study on the Needs of Fall Prevention Knowledge and the Influencing Factors of Fall Risk for the Community Home-based Elderly in Tongling City

作　　者：张惠[1] 张彬[2] 章羽 Zhang Hui;Zhang Bin;Zhang Yü(TongLing Vocational and Technical College)

机构地区：[1]铜陵职业技术学院,244000 [2]铜陵市人民医院

出　　处：《长治医学院学报》2020年第6期412-418,共7页Journal of Changzhi Medical College

基　　金：铜陵职业技术学院教研重点项目(tlpt2019TK001);铜陵职业技术学院自然课题(tlpt2019NG003);安徽省2020年高校优秀青年人才支持计划重点项目(gxyqZD2020065)。

摘　　要：目的:了解铜陵市社区居家养老的老年人对预防跌倒知识的知晓情况,探讨老年人跌倒风险相关影响因素。方法:便利抽样法抽取铜陵市老年大学和官塘社区60岁以上老年人247名。采用自制问卷、日常生活能力量表(ADL)及跌倒风险评估量表进行调查。结果:老年人对预防跌倒知识知晓率为43.70%,其中女性知晓率为49.67%,高于男性知晓率33.33%(P<0.05)。85.68%老年人对预防跌倒知识宣教有需求。二分类Logistic回归结果显示男性、文化程度低、年龄大是老年人预防跌倒知识知晓情况的影响因素。老年人跌倒风险量表平均得分为(27.54±11.56)分,40.76%的老年人存在跌倒风险。二分类Logistic回归结果显示独居、患慢性病、年龄大、文化程度低、锻炼少是老年人跌倒的危险因素。老年人预防跌倒知识的知晓情况与跌倒风险呈负相关(r=-0.432)。结论:社区居家养老老年人跌倒风险较高,预防跌倒知识应作为社区健康教育重点,应制定科学合理的预防措施,减少老年人跌倒。Objective:To understand the knowledge of prevention of falls among the elderly in Tongling community,and to explore the related factors of falls risk.Methods:Using convenience sampling method,247 elderly people over 60 years old from Tongling Senior Citizen University and Guantang Community were selected as the research subjects.The self-made questionnaire,daily living ability scale(ADL)and fall risk assessment scale were used for investigation.Results:The awareness rate of the elderly about the knowledge of preventing falls was 43.70%,among which the awareness rate of women was 49.7%,the awareness rate of men was 33.3%(P<0.05),the awareness rate of women was significantly higher than that of men.85.68%of the elderly have a need to prevent fall in education.The results of binary logistic regression showed that the influencing factors of knowledge of fall prevention in the elderly were:gender,education level,age.The average score of the elderly’s fall risk scale was(27.54±11.56).40.76%of the elderly had fall risk.The results of binary logistic regression showed that the risk factors of falls were living alone,chronic disease,age,education,and exercise.The results showed that the knowledge of falls prevention in the elderly was negatively correlated with the risk of falls(r=-0.432).Conclusion:The risk of falls is higher in the elderly in community home-based care.The key point of community health education is to prevent falls and make scientific and reasonable prevention measures according to the influencing factors of falls,so as to reduce the damage of falls to the elderly.

关 键 词：跌倒 社区居家养老 知晓率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]