土著入侵种黄帚橐吾的替代防控展望  

Prospects for replacement control for native invader Ligularia virgaurea

作　　者：牟丹 张世彬 欧为友[2] 唐俊伟[2] 才让东周 谢久祥[1] MOU Dan;ZHANG Shibin;OU Weiyou;TANG Junwei;CAIRANG Dongzhou;XIE Jiuxiang(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;Qinghai Provincial General Grassland Station,Xining,Qinghai 810007,China;Grassland Comprehensive Professional Team of Henan Mongolian Autonomous County,Huangnan,Qinghai 811599,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海省草原总站,青海西宁810007 [3]青海省河南蒙古族自治县草原综合专业队,青海黄南811599

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2020年第4期235-241,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：青海省自然科学基金项目(2017-ZJ-733);国家自然科学基金项目(31760622)。

摘　　要：黄帚橐吾是青藏高原高寒草场中分布最广、危害极大的优势毒草,严重影响了该地区群落结构和草地畜牧业的发展。在介绍土著入侵种和替代防控概念及相关研究进展的基础上,针对黄帚橐吾目前缺乏高效经济生态防控措施的现状,结合国内外对入侵植物进行替代防控的经验与原则,提出了对黄帚橐吾进行替代防控的生态防控设想和黄帚橐吾替代植物选用的基本原则,初步划定了防控黄帚橐吾的替代植物范围。通过引种或者驯化乡土草种,在青藏高原培育禾本科、豆科植物或者建植禾豆混播人工草地,使其具备替代防控黄帚橐吾的潜力。Ligularia virgaurea has become the most widely distributed and harmful predominant poisonous weed in the alpine pastures of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,seriously affecting the community structure and the development of grassland animal husbandry in the area.Aiming at the current lack of efficient,economic and ecological control measures for Ligularia virgaurea,based on the experience and principles of replacement control of invasive plants abroad and in China,this paper puts forward ecological control ideas for replacement control of Ligularia virgaurea.According to the ecological principles of breeding replacement plants,the basic principles for selecting alternative plants of Ligularia virgaurea were proposed,and the scope of replacement plants for preventing and controlling Ligularia virgaurea was preliminarily delineated.This paper recommends,introducing or domesticating native grass species.Cultivating gramineous and leguminous plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau or constructing grass-legume mixed-sown artificial grasslands should have the potential to replace and control Ligularia virgaurea.

关 键 词：黄帚橐吾 土著入侵种 替代防控 替代植物 豆科植物 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]